1982
2010
2012
2016
Precedents
With the precedent of the confrontation between liberal and conservative guerrillas of the “La Violencia” era in Colombia, the armed confrontation between the Colombian State and the FARC-EP dates back to the 1960s with the formation of the guerrilla group in 1964, and the evolution and deployment of its guerrilla structures in different regions of the country during the following decades.
Belisario Betancur takes office as President of Colombia (1982-1986). He initiates a policy of attempts to begin talks with the country’s insurgent groups.
Law 35 of 1982, which decrees an amnesty and issues provisions aimed at re-establishing and preserving peace, is enacted.
Through Decree No. 240 of 1983, José Luis Serna (Bishop of Florencia), Gerardo Ayerbe Chaux, and Alfredo Carvajal Sinisterra (subsequently replaced by Nicanor Restrepo Santamaría on May 22, 1984) are appointed as High Commissioners for Peace. Later, in September, Antonio Duque Álvarez is also appointed through Decree No. 2560 of 1983.
The FARC-EP guerrillas and the national government sign the first ceasefire agreement, known as the “Uribe Accord” (Los Acuerdos de La Uribe). Peace negotiations formally begin between the insurgent movement and President Belisario Betancur’s government.
The National Verification Commission is created, which aims to ensure the fulfillment of the Uribe Accord. The Commission’s members included Horacio Serpa, Álvaro Leyva Durán, and Fernando Cepeda Ulloa, among others.
In La Uribe, Meta, the FARC-EP announces the creation of the Patriotic Union (UP, for its Spanish acronym). This political party is part of a process of political, economic, and social organization that the FARC-EP had been carrying out since November 1984.
Through Decree No. 3030 of 1985, a Peace, Dialogue, and Verification Commission is appointed to replace the existing commissions and the commissioners retiring that year.
The Patriotic Union (UP, for its Spanish acronym) participates in congressional elections for the first time. Five senators, nine House representatives, 20 departmental representatives, and 353 councilpersons are elected.
John Agudelo Ríos submits his resignation to the Peace, Dialogue, and Verification Commission. Days later, the other members resign, dissolving the Commission and ending negotiations.
The FARC-EP ambushes National Army members at the Quebrada Riecito in the Puerto Rico municipality, Caquetá. 26 soldiers are killed, and an additional 44 are wounded. This event breaks the ceasefire between the national government and the insurgent movement, concluding this period of negotiations.
Cesar Gaviria takes office as President of Colombia (1990-1994). Like his predecessor, Virgilio Barco (1986-1990), he proposes holding peace talks with the country’s insurgent groups, including the FARC-EP. These groups, through the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body, had expressed their intention to begin dialogues with the national government.
The joint negotiating table between the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body (CGSB, for its Spanish acronym) is formed. The CGSB is made up of the FARC-EP, the ELN, and the EPL’s remaining members.
On May 15, 16, and 17, delegates from the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government meet in Cravo Norte, Arauca. A first consensus is reached regarding the negotiation agenda, and they agree to continue dialogues in Caracas, Venezuela.
Negotiating tables are set up in Caracas, Venezuela, to end the armed conflict between the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government.
A new Political Constitution is adopted in Colombia. Members of the M-19 and Quintín Lame—former insurgent organizations—participate in its development, as part of peace agreements reached with the governments of Virgilio Barco (1986-1990) and Cesar Gaviria (1990-1994).
A new round of negotiations between the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government begins in Tlaxcala, Mexico. The parties reach first agreements and publish a joint communiqué on March 13, calling all segments of society to join the dialogue.
Argelino Durán, former Minister of Public Works, dies in captivity after being kidnapped on January 26 of the same year by members of the EPL (an organization belonging, together with the FARC-EP, to the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body).
As a result of former minister Argelino Durán’s death in captivity, peace talks between the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body are suspended. Although the parties considered resuming talks in October of that same year, this did not ultimately happen, officially concluding this period of negotiations.
President-elect Andrés Pastrana meets with the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”).
Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) takes office as President of Colombia, committed to advancing peace negotiations with the FARC-EP.
President Andrés Pastrana decrees the demilitarization of 5 municipalities: San Vicente del Caguán in Caquetá, and La Uribe, Macarena, Vista Hermosa, and Mesetas in Meta.
The negotiating table between the national government and the FARC-EP is installed, with President Andrés Pastrana present. Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”), FARC-EP commander-in-chief, does not attend the ceremony. Negotiations move forward in the midst of armed confrontation.
The FARC-EP announces the formation of the Bolivarian Movement for a New Colombia (MBNC, for its Spanish acronym) as a political expression of the insurgent group.
The FARC-EP announces an “indefinite freeze” on negotiations with the national government. According to the guerrilla organization, the state had not shown its willingness to fight paramilitary groups.
In the midst of a crisis, followed by various acts of violence in the country, President Andrés Pastrana and Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”) meet. They reach the Los Pozos Agreement.
Negotiators from the national government and the FARC-EP sign the San Francisco de la Sombra Agreement. In it, the parties commit to studying the possibility of a ceasefire and call on different segments of society to contribute proposals to the peace process.
President Andrés Pastrana extends the demilitarized zone until January 2002. Nevertheless, due to multiple acts of violence, including the kidnapping and murder of former Minister of Culture Consuelo Araújo Noguera, the national government imposes new control measures on the demilitarized area.
The FARC-EP rejects the new conditions established by the national government and leaves the dialogue table.
The FARC-EP hijacks the HK 3951 plane, which was covering the Neiva–Bogotá route. They force it to land on a road in El Hobo, Huila, and kidnap then-senator Jorge Eduardo Géchem Turbay. With this event, the peace talks break down.
The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace, under instructions from the Office of the President, requests aid and good offices from the United Nations Secretary-General in pursuit of a humanitarian agreement with the FARC-EP guerrillas.
In response to the issue of kidnapping, the national government makes public its intention to establish a facilitating mission aimed at engaging the FARC-EP in dialogue, so that kidnapped individuals are released through a humanitarian agreement. Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro, Father Darío Echeverry, and former minister Angelino Garzón take part.
With Operation Liberty I (Operación Libertad Uno), the National Army launches Plan Patriota: a widespread military effort against the FARC-EP and ELN guerrilla organizations. As a result of this strategy, several leaders from these groups fall in the following months and years.
Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro and Father Darío Echeverry hold a meeting with Raúl Reyes to explore the possibility of a humanitarian agreement. Another meeting is held on December 27 of that same year.
There are attempts to begin talks between the Álvaro Uribe government and the FARC-EP through a commission made up of Catholic Church members (Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro and Father Darío Echeverry).
A Swiss government delegate is authorized to meet with FARC-EP members to conduct a mediation aimed at reaching a humanitarian agreement.
As a gesture of goodwill and part of pursuing a humanitarian agreement, the national government pardons 23 FARC-EP guerrilla members and subsequently releases them from prison.
The national government agrees to convert the Aures rural settlement in the Caicedonia municipality, Valle de Cauca, into a meeting place to advance talks related to the humanitarian agreement with the FARC-EP.
As a gesture of goodwill, the national government unilaterally releases Rodrigo Granda and another 150 imprisoned guerrillas to achieve a humanitarian agreement.
Guerrilla leader Tomás Medina Caracas, alias “El Negro Acacio,” is killed in a National Army operation in the Vichada department.
With the International Committee of the Red Cross’s support and the Venezuelan government’s mediation, kidnapped individuals Gloria Polanco, Jorge Géchem, Luis Eladio Pérez, and Orlando Beltrán are released.
Raúl Reyes, a member of the FARC-EP Secretariat, is killed in Ecuador in a National Army raid.
Manuel Marulanda Vélez, alias Tirofijo, FARC-EP commander-in-chief, dies of a heart attack. Alfonso Cano replaces him.
The National Army carries out “Operation Jaque,” freeing 15 kidnapped individuals. Former presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt and United States contractors Keith Stansell and Marc Gonsalves are among those freed.
Exploratory Phase
The Exploratory phase of the talks between the Colombian Government and the FARC-EP took place between September 2010 and August 2012. It all began with an exchange of letters and communications – through third party delegates – and ended with the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace, which guided the course and rules of the talks during the public stage.
Juan Manuel Santos takes office as President of Colombia.
Meeting between President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón and his Venezuelan counterpart Hugo Chávez Frías.
Closing of the 73rd Assembly of the National Business Association of Colombia (ANDI, in Spanish). President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón reiterates his message about ending the armed conflict.
President Juan Manuel Santos authorizes Henry Acosta Patiño to advance attempts to begin talks with the FARC-EP.
Beginning of confidential communication between the National Government and the FARC-EP, through Henry Acosta.
Mono Jojoy, commander of the FARC-EP’s Eastern Bloc, is killed in Operation Sodoma, in the region of La Macarena.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Pablo Catatumbo’s response to President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón’s September 7, 2010, message.
Sergio Jaramillo is appointed as High Commissioner for Peace.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Conclusions regarding the President of the Republic’s proposal to hold a first meeting between government and FARC-EP delegates.
The Law on Public Order (Law 1421 of 2010), the legal framework for talks with armed groups in Colombia, is enacted.
Letter from Henry Acosta to Pablo Catatumbo with a proposal from the President of the Republic on exploratory meetings.
Creation of the National Security Council (Decree 4748 of 2010).
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo on the appointment of Rodrigo Granda to participate in the first exploratory meeting.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Response regarding Mauricio Jaramillo’s future presence and guidelines for the first preparatory meeting, including a proposal for Ricardo Téllez to attend on behalf of the FARC-EP.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Messages from the President concerning a meeting and possible negotiation.
The first preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held in Río de Oro, Cesar, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The FARC-EP designates Mauricio Jaramillo and Timoleón Jiménez as part of their delegation for the exploratory meeting.
The Victims and Land Restitution Law (Law 1448 of 2011) is enacted.
The second preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held on Orchila Island, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The third preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held on Orchila Island, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
Alfonso Cano, FARC-EP commander, is killed in Operation Odiseo.
Meeting between Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, and Timoleón Jiménez, commander-in-chief of the FARC-EP.
The last preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held in Barinas, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
First round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
The first exploratory meeting between representatives of the government and the FARC-EP is held in Havana, Cuba.
Second meeting between Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, and Timoleón Jiménez, commander-in-chief of the FARC-EP.
Second round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Third round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Fourth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Fifth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Sixth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Seventh round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Eighth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
The Legal Framework for Peace (Legislative Act 01 of 2012) is enacted.
Ninth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Tenth round of exploratory meetings. Culminates in Havana with the signing of a closing agreement on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
Signing of the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
President Juan Manuel Santos confirms the completion of the exploratory phase.
Public address from President Juan Manuel Santos on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
Statement from Timoleón Jiménez, commander-in-chief of the FARC-EP, on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict.
Conversations Phase
On October 18, 2012, the Negotiations Table was installed, thus initiating the public phase of the process to be carried out in Havana, with the objective of reaching agreements on the six points of the agenda. On August 24, 2016, a first Final Agreement was reached, which was signed in Cartagena a month later.
Statement from President Juan Manuel Santos on appointing a government team for peace negotiations.
Appointment of Sergio Jaramillo as High Commissioner for Peace (Decree 1862 of 2012).
Sergio Jaramillo assumes the position of High Commissioner for Peace.
Appointment of the government’s delegation to the Negotiation Table: plenipotentiaries and alternate negotiators (Resolution 339 of 2012).
Recognition of FARC-EP members as representatives at the Negotiation Table (Resolution 350 of 2012).
The FARC-EP delegation travels to Oslo, Norway, for the installation of the Negotiation Table.
The National Government’s delegation travels to Oslo, Norway, for the installation of the Negotiation Table.
Installation of the Negotiation Table in Oslo, Norway.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the Caribbean region (Atlántico, La Guajira, Magdalena, and San Andrés and Providencia).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the central region (Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Tolima, Meta, Casanare, and Guaviare).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the southwestern region (Nariño, Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Putumayo, and Huila).
Preparatory meetings are held at the beginning of discussions on point 1 of the General Agreement.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the northwestern region and coffee belt region (Antioquia, Chocó Risaralda, Quindío, and Caldas).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the southern region and Orinoquía (Amazonas, Caquetá, Vaupés, and Vichada).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the northeastern region (Arauca, Norte de Santander, and Santander).
The Negotiation Table in Havana agrees to receive the conclusions of the Regional Working Groups organized by Congress’s Peace Commissions, which had support from the United Nations as well as Cuba and Norway, the guarantor countries of the process.
Sandra Ramírez and Mauricio Jaramillo, members of the FARC-EP peace delegation, return to Colombia.
The Negotiation Table meets with Bruno Moro, United Nations representative in Colombia, and Alejo Vargas, the National University (Universidad Nacional) representative, to entrust them with organizing forums for citizen participation.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP announce a forum on the agrarian issue, to receive civil society’s opinions on this matter.
Within the framework of direct consultations on point 1, the Negotiation Table welcomes Luis Alberto Villegas (VallenPaz), Jesús Darío Fernández (ASOCAM), Israel Escue (Asociación Defensores del Territorio), and Saúl Medina (Asociación Defensores del Territorio).
Delegates from Chile and Venezuela, observer countries, arrive in Havana to meet with the Negotiation Table.
The parties reach an agreement to launch the website www.mesadeconversaciones.com.co and agree on the format for citizen participation via physical means.
In the framework of direct consultations on point 1, the Negotiation Table welcomes Humberto Olaya (ASOPROGUEJAR), Hernán Vásquez B. (Alquería), Darío Fajardo (Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks at the National University [Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional]), and Francisco Gutiérrez (National University).
The guarantor countries submit proposals from the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (of Congress’s Peace Commissions) to the Negotiation Table.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP report that they received the proposals from civil society and the organizations participating in the Regional Working Groups organized by Congress of the Republic.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Absalón Machado and Jairo Estrada, experts on agrarian issues.
The Citizen Participation Forum on Comprehensive Agrarian Development Policy, point 1 on the negotiation agenda, is held.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP receive the proposals presented at the Comprehensive Agrarian Development Policy Forum.
Start of the government’s project to systematize and analyze proposals from Colombian civil society.
The parties announce a forum on political participation and logistical preparatory meetings with the National University (Universidad Nacional) and the United Nations Office in Colombia (joint communiqué).
Victoria Sandino, Pablo Catatumbo, Freddy González, and Lucas Carvajal become members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Sergio Marín and Laura Villa become members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
The Forum on Political Participation is held on point 2 of the negotiation agenda.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Northwestern region and coffee belt region (Risaralda, Quindío, Caldas, and Antioquia).
The parties reach an agreement on point 1: Towards a New Colombian Countryside: Comprehensive Rural Reform.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Llanos and Orinoquía regions (Casanare, Meta, Guaviare, Guainía, Vaupés, and Vichada).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (Berlin).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (London).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (Brussels).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (Paris).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (Barcelona).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Caribbean region I (Atlántico, La Guajira, Magdalena, and Cesar).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (Catalonia).
The delegations announce the implementation of a procedure to receive and systematize citizen proposals in the face of massive participation in the forums held.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Caribbean region II (Bolívar, Córdoba, Sucre, and San Andrés and Providencia).
Congress convenes the International Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (New York).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Pacific region I (Valle del Cauca, Cauca, and Nariño).
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP receive the proposals and conclusions from the forum on point 2, Political Participation.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Northeastern region (Norte de Santander, Santander, and Arauca).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Pacific region II (Chocó).
A public statement is issued after the summit of FARC-EP and ELN commanders-in-chief.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Southern and Amazon Piedmont regions (Amazonas, Caquetá, Putumayo, and Huila).
The Negotiation Table receives Alberto Rojas Puyo and Fabio Velásquez, experts in matters of citizen participation, within the framework of direct consultation mechanisms.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Central region (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Boyacá, and Tolima).
Five FARC-EP members (Freddy Sandoval, Marina Sánchez, Shirley Morales, Elisa Mirabal, and Jaime Nevado) travel to Havana.
The President of the Republic launches the National Center for Historical Memory’s report, Basta Ya!
A public hearing convened by the Constitutional Court on the Legal Framework for Peace is held.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Víctor Manuel Moncayo, Marco Romero, Carlos Medina Gallego, and Sergio de Zubiría, experts on matters of political participation, within the framework of the direct consultation mechanism.
President Juan Manuel Santos calls the government delegation back to Bogotá for consultations in the context of the discussion on political participation.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize a forum on point 4, Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
The National Forum on the Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem is held on point 4 of the negotiation agenda.
The Regional Forum on the Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem is held in San José del Guaviare, Guaviare, on point 4 of the negotiation agenda.
The National Summit of Women and Peace is held in Bogotá.
Kevin Scott Sutay, a U.S. citizen kidnapped by the FARC-EP, is released.
The parties reach an agreement on point 2 of the agenda: Political Participation: A Democratic Opportunity to Build Peace.
Commemoration of the first year of operation of the Negotiation Table’s website.
María Paulina Riveros and Nigeria Rentería are appointed as plenipotentiaries of the government delegation at the Negotiation Table (Resolution 321 of 2013).
The United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University (Universidad Nacional) deliver the results of the forum on point 4.
The FARC-EP proposes including a commission on the historical truth of the Colombian internal conflict.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) presentation to the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on point 4 with Ricardo Vargas, Darío Fajardo, Rodrigo Uprimny, Francisco Thoumi, Alfredo Molano, the Association of Women Farmers from the Rosas Municipality (Asociación de Mujeres Agricultoras del Municipio de Rosas – ASMAR), the CRISTACAÑA Business and Agricultural Association (Asociación Empresarial y Agropecuaria), and the Association of Rubber Producers and Marketers (Asociación de Productores y Comercializadores de Caucho – ASOPROCAUCHO).
The Negotiation Table welcomes Ricardo Vargas and Darío Fajardo as experts on point 4, Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
The Negotiation Table welcomes delegates, both men and women, from ASMAR of Cauca; CRISTACAÑA of Vistahermosa, Meta; and ASOPROCAUCHO of El Retorno, Guaviare, in order to learn about their experience in the process of substituting illicit crops and rebuilding community networks and legal economies.
Julián Conrado is transferred to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Marcela González, Laura Villa, and Bernardo Salcedo—members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation—return to Colombia.
Fidel Rondón is transferred to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Fabián Ramírez and Jairo Martínez are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Illegal wiretapping of the government’s negotiating team is reported.
Meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
Discussion begins on the possibility of creating a Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict that would discuss the ceasefire.
Second meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
The FARC-EP acknowledges its responsibility for the homicide of Major Germán Méndez Pabón and Edílmer Muñoz Ortiz, a National Police patrol officer, who had both gone missing on March 15 in the rural area of Tumaco, Nariño.
The parties reach an agreement on point 4 of the negotiation agenda: Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
Public statement by the parties on the guiding principles for discussing point 5, Victims, and the establishment of the Gender Subcommittee.
The agreement for creating the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict (STFC, in Spanish) is announced.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize forums on point 5, Victims.
Second round of the presidential elections. Juan Manuel Santos is re-elected as president.
The Regional Victims Forum in Villavicencio is held.
Beginning of a series of preparatory meetings for round 27 on the victims point. First preparatory meeting.
The Regional Victims Forum in Barrancabermeja is held.
Second preparatory meeting for round 27 on the victims point.
The Regional Victims Forum in Barranquilla is held.
The National Victims Forum is held in Cali.
Completion of a series of preparatory meetings for round 27 on the victims point. Fourth preparatory meeting.
The first group of victims travels to Havana.
The first group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
Early meeting of members from the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP who will be part of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The formation of the government delegation to the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict is authorized (Resolution 227 of 2014).
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP set up the Historical Commission on the Conflict and its Victims.
Installation of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Javier Ciurlizza, an expert in truth commissions.
The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace’s Thematic Directorate (Dirección Temática) and the Office of the Minister-Advisor for the Post-Conflict Period, Human Rights, and Security (Despacho del Ministro Consejero para el Posconflicto, Derechos Humanos y Seguridad) are created (Decree 1649 of 2014).
The Negotiation Table welcomes Mark Freeman, an expert on truth commissions.
The second group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP receive the proposals presented at the citizen participation forums on the victims point.
The Negotiation Table publishes draft agreements reached on points 1, 2, and 4.
The third group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
Olmedo Correa, Tomás Ojeda, and Emiro Gómez—members of the FARC-EP’s delegation—return to Colombia.
Pastor Alape, Isaías Trujillo, Érika Trujillo, Eduardo Alcalá, Serena Alape, Rubín Morro, Pablo Jaramillo, Gabriel Hernández, Mayerli Gómez, and Leonidas Esparto are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Rubén Zamora and Sergio Ibáñez, members of the FARC-EP delegation, return to Colombia.
Carlos Antonio Lozada and Isabela San Roque are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Wálter Mendoza is transferred to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Andrés París, Miguel Pascuas, Patricia Cano, and Noel Pérez—members of the FARC-EP’s delegation—return to Colombia.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Marcy Mersky and María Camila Moreno, experts on truth commissions.
The fourth group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
Brigadier General Rubén Darío Alzate Mora is kidnapped by members of the FARC-EP’s 34th Front, along with Army Corporal Jorge Rodríguez Contreras and lawyer Gloria Urrego, in the hamlet of Las Mercedes de Quibdó, Chocó.
Soldiers Paulo César Rivera Capelo, Jonathan Díaz Franco, and Carlos Becerra Ojeda are released.
Part of the National Government’s delegation travels to Havana to meet with the FARC-EP after the General Alzate incident.
Within the framework of the Gender Subcommittee, the first delegation of women’s organizations visits Havana.
The fifth group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
The FARC-EP declares an indefinite unilateral ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.
The FARC-EP asks for forgiveness from Bojayá victims.
The law establishing rules for constitutional approval of a Final Agreement to End the Armed Conflict (Law 1745 of 2014) is enacted.
Joaquín Gómez and Olga Arenas are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
The Negotiation Table meets with the members of the Historical Commission on the Conflict and its Victims.
The Frente Amplio por la Paz travels to Havana to present its analysis of the unilateral ceasefire declared by the FARC-EP.
Men and women representatives from organizations of women victims, small-scale farmers, indigenous people, Afro-descendant people, former combatants, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and intersex persons, as well as human rights defenders and leaders, meet with the Gender Subcommittee to present their proposals.
Announcement by the FARC-EP on the non-incorporation of minors into its ranks.
Bernie Aronson, the United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process, and Kevin Whitaker, United States Ambassador to Colombia, visit Havana.
Meeting of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with Kofi Annan, former Secretary-General of the United Nations, at the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Major General (Retired) Julio Arnoldo Balconi Turcios (Government – Guatemala), Rodrigo Sandino Asturias Valenzuela (former guerrilla – Guatemala), and General (Retired) Luis Alejandro Sintes (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Installation of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
Visit of the third delegation of women’s and LGBTI organizations to Havana, within the framework of the Gender Subcommittee.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP at the Negotiation Table reach an agreement on demining.
President Santos creates an Advisory Commission for Peace with representatives from the country’s different population segments.
First meeting of the technical working group to discuss the demining agreement.
Gender Subcommittee meeting to discuss recommendations made to drafts of the agreement on points 1, 2, and 4, as well as to make recommendations to the proposals on the Truth Commission and on disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration with a gender perspective.
The Negotiation Table conducts new direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Jean Arnault (UN), Major General Mauricio Ernesto Vargas (Government – El Salvador), José Luis Merino (former guerrilla – El Salvador), and Colonel (Retired) Prudencio García (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
A march for peace is held, organized by Gustavo Petro and Piedad Córdoba, to express support for the peace process.
Meeting of the technical working group to discuss the demining agreement. The first pilot site for demining is selected: El Orejón mountain, El Orejón rural settlement, in Briceño, Antioquia.
FARC-EP attack on the military in the La Esperanza rural settlement in Buenos Aires, Cauca. Ten soldiers die and another eighteen are injured in the incident.
The Negotiation Table conducts a new round of direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Aracelly Santana (Ecuador – UN), Jeffrey Mapendere (former guerrilla – Zimbabwe), Yon Medina Vivanco (Peru – UN), and Julian Thomas Hottinger.
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
Enrique Santos, special delegate of President Juan Manuel Santos, is sent to Havana to support the development of the peace talks.
Signing of the demining protocol by the reference group of the demining pilot project.
The FARC-EP declares a suspension of the unilateral ceasefire.
Meeting of the National Government’s delegation with Bernie Aronson, United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process.
The government’s delegation meets with Zainab Bangura, United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict.
Military forces kill Alfredo Alarcón Machado (Román Ruiz), commander of the Northwestern Bloc of the FARC-EP in the Chocó department.
María Ángela Holguín and Gonzalo Restrepo are appointed as plenipotentiaries of the government’s delegation to the Negotiation Table (Resolution 091 of 2015).
The Technical Group for Demining presents advances in the pilot demining project in El Orejón to the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Minister of Foreign Affairs María Ángela Holguín and businessman Gonzalo Restrepo as new plenipotentiaries.
Meeting of the President of the Republic with part of the government’s delegation and a group of external advisors made up of Jonathan Powell, William Ury, and Joaquín Villalobos.
The 2014-2018 National Development Plan (Law 1753 of 2015) is passed.
The Technical Group for Demining agrees on the annex to the Demining Pilot Plan on mechanisms to reinforce the community’s and the multitask team’s safety in the El Orejón rural settlement.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP reach an agreement on accelerating the work in Havana and de-escalating offensive actions in Colombia, and the creation of a legal group to discuss the point on justice is formalized, made up of three lawyers designated by the President and three lawyers designated by the FARC-EP.
Release of Second Lieutenant Cristian Moscoso, who was kidnapped by the FARC-EP.
First formal meeting of the Security Guarantees Group, made up of government and FARC-EP delegates, to address this subpoint on End of the Conflict.
The president orders the suspension of bombings against the FARC-EP.
Douglas Cassel, Juan Carlos Henao, and Manuel José Cepeda, legal advisors to the government, arrive in Havana to meet for the first time with the attorneys of the FARC-EP’s legal group to address the issue of justice.
First meeting of the government’s legal advisors with plenipotentiaries from the National Government’s delegation to exchange views on the point of justice.
First meeting of the Review of the Legal Situation of Persons Deprived of Liberty working group, made up of government and FARC-EP delegates.
Ethnic leader Genaro García is assassinated by the FARC-EP in the rural area of Tumaco, Nariño.
Pablo Catatumbo returns to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Meeting of a group of ten women NGO representatives with the Gender Subcommittee to share their proposals on victims of sexual violence.
Meeting of legal advisors with the government’s delegation in Havana to address the point of justice.
The Negotiation Table meets with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
Meeting of the group of jurists delegated by the Negotiation Table in Bogotá, which achieves a draft agreement on the point of justice.
First meeting in Havana between President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez; in which it is announced the Special Jurisdiction for Peace agreement.
The government’s delegation meets with Bernie Aronson, United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process.
Meeting of the steering group of the demining agreement to take stock of the project.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with UN and UNASUR delegates.
An agreement is announced on immediate confidence-building measures to contribute to searching for, locating, identifying, and returning the remains of persons deemed as missing in the context of and due to the armed conflict, and the creation of the Special Unit for the Search for Persons Deemed as Missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict’s members with the demining pilot project’s team.
Meeting of the group of jurists delegated by the President, with the representatives of FARC-EP in the Negotiation Table.
Gender Subcommittee meeting in Havana to mainstream the gender perspective in the agreements reached.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with Jean Arnault, delegate of the United Nations Secretary-General, to discuss issues related to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP meet with Carlos Valdés, director of the National Institute of Legal Medicine, and Christoph Harnish, head of the International Committee of the Red Cross’s delegation in Colombia, to discuss the process of searching for persons deemed as missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with the United Nations Secretary-General delegate, Jean Arnault, and UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency delegate, José Bayardi.
A group of businesspeople meets with the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP at the Negotiation Table and issues a statement expressing their support for the peace process.
Meeting of the justice group to consolidate the definitive version of the agreement on justice.
Meetings of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross to address the issue of the search protocol for persons deemed as missing.
The National Land Agency, Rural Development Agency, and Territory Renewal Agency are created (Decrees 2363, 2364, and 2366 of 2015).
The parties reach an agreement on the entirety of point 5: Agreement on the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations, and Non-Recurrence.
The Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict meets and prepares a draft of the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and the laying down of arms.
The government’s delegation meets with Eamon Gilmore, European Union Envoy for the Peace Process.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with Jean Arnault, delegate of the United Nations Secretary-General.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP meet with Cuban President Raúl Castro.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the creation of a tripartite mechanism for monitoring and verifying the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and laying down of arms.
The Negotiation Table receives progress reports from the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict and the Security Guarantees Working Group.
The Forum on the End of the Conflict and Implementation, Verification, and Endorsement is held on points 3 and 6.
The FARC-EP publicly renounces the recruitment of minors under the age of eighteen.
The United Nations and the Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz) deliver the results of the forum on points 3 and 6.
The Technical Investigation Team (CTI, in Spanish) and the Attorney General’s Office of Colombia (Fiscalía General de la Nación) initiate activities to search for, locate, identify, and return in a dignified manner the remains of persons disappeared due to the armed conflict in the cemetery of La Macarena, Meta.
The President of the Republic suspends FARC-EP delegates’ educational visits to their camps in Colombia after the incident in the Conejo rural settlement in Fonseca, La Guajira.
Thirteen former members of armed groups in twelve peace processes visit the Gender Subcommittee.
The human rights ombudsman presents a plan of recommendations in order to strengthen institutional capacities and victims’ participation in searching for, locating, identifying, and returning in a dignified manner the remains of persons deemed as missing.
Representatives of organizations on the search for persons deemed as missing arrive in Havana.
Enrique Santos arrives in Havana to meet with the government’s delegation and the FARC-EP commander, Timoleón Jiménez.
Meeting of the government’s negotiating team with United States Secretary of State John Kerry.
An amendment to the Law on Public Order (Law 1779 of 2016) is issued, which covers the implementation of some partial agreements reached.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP formally begin discussions on point 6, Implementation, Verification, and Endorsement.
The parties reach an agreement to provide the Final Agreement with legal security and stability.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce an agreement on releasing minors under fifteen years of age from FARC-EP camps.
Former women combatants visit the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict and the Gender Subcommittee.
Installation of the technical working group for the protocol to release minors under fifteen years of age from FARC-EP camps.
Agreement to receive representatives of indigenous, Roma, Afro-Colombian, black, Palenquero, and Raizal communities.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the implementation of the voluntary substitution agreement for illicit crops in the Briceño municipality, Antioquia.
The parties sign an agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, security guarantees, and the fight against criminal organizations, signed by President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez.
Roy Barreras is appointed as a plenipotentiary of the government delegation at the Negotiation Table (Resolution 169 of 2015).
Delegates from ethnic groups visit the Negotiation Table to include an ethnic approach in point 6.
The Framework Plan for Implementation (PMI, for its Spanish acronym) is formally established, with pillars, strategies, products, measurable goals, and indicators necessary for implementing the Final Agreement.
The Roundtable defines the guidelines for the formation of the subcommittee for the elaboration of the statute of guarantees for the exercise of political opposition. All political parties and movements with legal status are called, and the participation of Marcha Patriótica and the Congress of the Peoples is requested, as well as two experts delegated by the Roundtable.
A review of the pending issues in agreements reached thus far begins.
The legislative act covering the “fast track” process and special presidential powers for six months is issued to expedite the implementation of a Final Agreement (Legislative Act 01 of 2016).
The Constitutional Court approves the plebiscite as a mechanism to endorse the Peace Agreement with the FARC-EP.
The government creates the Interinstitutional Technical Committee to review lists of FARC-EP members (Decree 1174 of 2016).
The position of peace advocates (gestores de paz) is regulated (Decree 1175 of 2016).
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP present the results of including a gender perspective in the agreements.
The parties reach an agreement on protocols for the ceasefire and laying down of arms, which accompany the agreement on these issues.
In Colombia, delegates from the government, the FARC-EP, and the UN begin technical visits to the places where the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and the Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) will be located.
Sergio de Zubiría and Pablo Julio Cruz are appointed as expert delegates, by the Roundtable, for the commission that will define the guidelines of the statute of guarantees for political parties and movements that declare themselves in opposition.
The parties reach an agreement on selection mechanisms for magistrates of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace.
Technical visits to the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) conclude.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP meet with a delegation from the Interethnic Commission (Comisión Interétnica) to define issues of the Final Agreement’s ethnic chapter.
Agreement reached. The delegations announce that they have reached a final, comprehensive, and definitive agreement.
The statutory law establishing the terms of the plebiscite for the Final Agreement’s endorsement is passed (Statutory Law 1806 of 2016).
President Juan Manuel Santos, by means of Decree 1386, orders a bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities between the National Government and the FARC-EP.
The subcommittee for the elaboration of the statute of guarantees for the exercise of political opposition is installed by the Ministry of the Interior.
President Juan Manuel Santos acknowledges the State’s responsibility in the case of the Patriotic Union (UP, in Spanish).
The FARC-EP holds its Tenth Conference, the organization’s highest decision-making body, in which it ratifies its support for the Final Agreement.
The FARC-EP acknowledges its responsibility in the La Chinita massacre in Apartadó, Antioquia.
The parties officially sign the Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace in Cartagena, Colombia.
The plebiscite is held as an endorsement mechanism so that Colombian society may vote in favor of or against the Final Agreement reached in Havana.
Renegotiation Phase
Following the Constitutional Court’s endorsement to establish a mechanism for citizen endorsement of what was agreed in Havana (Cuba), on October 2, 2016, the Plebiscite for peace was held. Colombians were asked: “Do you support the final agreement to end the conflict and build a stable and lasting peace?”. 6,431,376 citizens (50.21%) voted “No” and 6,377,482 (49.78%) “Yes”. In view of the disapproval of the Agreement, the Colombian government activated a Great National Dialogue with the purpose of collecting proposals for adjustments and clarifications from sectors that had voted in favor and against the Agreement. With these proposals, the government and FARC-EP sat down again in Havana to build a new agreement to be reached on November 12, 2016.
The National Civil Registry announces that “No” won with 6,431,376 votes (50.1%) of the total vote. “Yes” obtained 6,377,482 votes (49.78%). The difference was 53,894 votes.
President Santos acknowledges the plebiscite results and calls for a Great National Dialogue with different segments of society.
Meetings with spokespersons from the “Yes” and “No” sides begin, thus beginning the Great National Dialogue after the disapproval of the Final Agreement in the plebiscite.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with the government’s delegation in Havana and with the heads of political parties promoting the “Yes” vote: the Partido de la U, Partido Liberal, Cambio Radical, Alianza Verde, Partido Conservador, Polo Democrático, and Unión Patriótica. Thus begins the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with the National Business Council (Consejo Gremial Nacional).
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with evangelical pastors.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with former President Álvaro Uribe, Marta Lucía Ramírez, and Alejandro Ordóñez.
Meeting of the Government Dialogue Commission with those promoting the “No” vote.
Massive mobilization for peace is held in different cities to support a new Final Agreement.
The awarding of the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize to President Juan Manuel Santos is announced.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with representatives of more than fifty organizations promoting the “Yes” vote.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with the country’s governors.
President Juan Manuel Santos visits the Bojayá victims after the Nobel Peace Prize announcement and his tribute to the victims of the armed conflict.
Indigenous peoples’ visit to President Juan Manuel Santos as part of the Great National Dialogue with “Yes” segments of society.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with Marta Lucía Ramírez as part of the Great National Dialogue with “No” segments of society.
Meeting of the Government Dialogue Commission with those promoting the “No” vote.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with representatives of armed conflict victims.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with the government’s delegation in Havana.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with fourteen leaders and representatives of victims, led by the head of the Fundación Víctimas Visibles, Diana Sofía Giraldo, during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with representatives of various Christian churches during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with former Inspector General of Colombia, Alejandro Ordóñez, during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with representatives of the Catholic Church during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with all of the country’s women mayors during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo and the Vice Minister of the Interior with eighty representatives of churches during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of the Government Dialogue Commission with those promoting the “No” vote.
Meeting of the Government Dialogue Commission during the Great National Dialogue with those promoting the “No” vote.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo and the Secretary General of the OAS with victims’ leaders and student leaders to hear proposals on the peace agreement during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with representatives of public and private universities during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of Minister of Defense Luis Carlos Villegas with former President Andrés Pastrana’s political team during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with government delegates for the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo during the Great National Dialogue with leaders of Christian churches who voted “No” in the plebiscite.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo with Presidential Advisor for Gender Equity Martha Ordóñez and representatives of nine women’s organizations to explain a point on the gender perspective included in the Peace Agreement with the FARC-EP and hear their proposals on the matter.
Temporary Pre-Grouping Points are established (Resolution 282 of 2016) for placing FARC-EP members while the Great National Dialogue progresses.
Meeting of government delegates with Marta Lucía Ramírez and Camilo Gómez (advisor to Andrés Pastrana) during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of government delegates and representatives of political parties during the Great National Dialogue with representatives of the “No” vote, including Óscar Iván Zuluaga, Diana Sofía Gaviria, Carlos Holmes, and Álvaro Uribe.
Meeting of government delegates with “No” representatives during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of government delegates with Claudia Rodríguez and other representatives on the gender perspective during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of government delegates with “No” representatives during the Great National Dialogue.
Government and FARC delegates resume dialogue in Havana to construct a new Final Agreement.
Government and FARC work in Havana to construct a new Final Agreement.
The parties announce that they have reached a new Final Agreement in Havana.
The parties officially sign the new Final Agreement in the city of Bogotá.
The Council of State issues a favorable decision on the Final Agreement’s ratification by Congress (Decision No. 2323 of the Chamber of Civil Service and Consultation [Sala de Consulta y Servicio Civil]).
The Congress of the Republic approves the Final Agreement.
The government begins activities on health insurance for FARC-EP members who are at the Temporary Pre-Grouping Points (Decree 1937 of 2016).
Implementation Phase
With the endorsement of the Final Agreement through the Congress of the Republic, the Implementation phase of the Agreement began on December 1, 2016. Among the first milestones of the implementation, the Commission for Monitoring, Promotion and Verification of Implementation (CSIVI) and the National Council for Reincorporation (CNR) were created as joint government and FARC-EP bodies to monitor the implementation process.
The parties officially announce the start of the Final Agreement’s implementation (D-Day) after its endorsement.
Creation of the Commission for Monitoring, Promoting, and Verifying the Implementation of the Final Agreement (CSIVI, in Spanish) (Decree 1995 of 2016).
Creation of the National Reincorporation Council (Decree 2027 of 2016).
The Constitutional Court approves Legislative Act 01 of 2016 on the legal instruments to accelerate the implementation of the Final Agreement; among others, the “fast track” mechanism.
Law 1820 of 2016, “Whereby provisions on amnesty, pardon, and special criminal treatment and other provisions are issued,” is passed.
FARC-EP members begin moving towards the local zones (zonas veredales) to begin the laying down of arms process.
The National Commission on Security Guarantees, part of the Final Agreement, is created through Decree 154 of 2017.
The United Nations Mission begins its work to verify the FARC-EP’s process of laying down arms.
The CSIVI provides guidelines to launch the Special High-Level Forum with Ethnic Peoples (IEANPE, for its Spanish acronym) to monitor the Final Agreement’s implementation.
Legislative Act 01 of 2017 creates a title of transitory provisions to the Constitution to end the armed conflict and build a stable and lasting peace, in addition to issuing other provisions.
The Truth, Coexistence, and Non-Recurrence Commission is organized through Decree 588 of 2017.
The Special Unit for the Search for Persons Deemed as Missing in the context of and due to the armed conflict is organized through Decree 589 of 2017.
The CSIVI provides guidelines to launch the Special Forum for the Implementation of the Gender-Based Approach and its objectives.
Creation of the National Council for Peace, Reconciliation, and Coexistence, through Decree 885 of 2017.
The Development Programs with a Territorial Focus (PDETs, for their Spanish acronym) are created through Decree 893 of 2017.
The Comprehensive Security System for the Exercise of Politics is created through Decree 895 of 2017.
The National Comprehensive Program for the Substitution of Crops Used for Illicit Purposes is established through Decree 896 of 2017.
Measures are adopted to facilitate implementing the comprehensive rural reform laid out in the Peace Agreement in terms of land, specifically the procedure for access and land titling and the Land Fund (Decree 902 of 2017).
The process of FARC-EP members individually laying down their arms begins.
Decree 1274 of 2017 extends the duration of the Transitional Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTNs, for their Spanish acronym) and some Transitional Local Points for Normalization (PTNs, for their Spanish acronym).
The process of removing the containers of FARC-EP weapons in the local zones (zonas veredales) is finalized.
The process of disabling and destroying the weapons to build three agreed-upon monuments begins.
The Prevention and Warning System for Rapid Response (Early Warning System) is established through Decree 2124 of 2017.
Former FARC combatants exercise their right to vote in Congressional elections for the first time.
Legislative elections take place and the FARC participate as a political party, obtaining 52.532 votes for the Senate and 32.636 for the House of Representatives.
The Attorney General’s Office captures Jesús Santrich, delegate of the FARC-EP during the peace negotiations, with the end of extradicting him to the United States for drug trafficking crimes.
Opening of Case No. 1 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Hostage-Taking and Other Serious Deprivations of Liberty”.
The Political Opposition Statute is adopted through Law 1909 of 2018.
Opening of Case No. 2 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Territorial Situation in the Ricaurte, Tumaco, and Barbacoas Municipalities of Nariño”.
Opening of Case No. 3 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Deaths Illegitimately Presented as Casualties in Combat by State Agents”.
The Comprehensive Security and Protection Program for communities and organizations in the territories is created through Decree 660 of 2018.
Law 1922 of 2018 establishes the JEP’s guiding principles, as well as the provisions and general rules that will govern actions within the entity.
In development of the Statute of the Opposition, the first official declaration of opposition to the national government (President Iván Duque) is made by the Alianza Verde Party. This declaration was made official in Resolution 633 of 2019 of the National Electoral Council.
For the first time in Congress, members of the FARC political party occupy ten seats (5 in the House of Representatives and 5 in the Senate) for two legislative periods (8 years).
The Ministry of Mines and Energy adopts the 2018-2031 National Rural Electrification Plan.
The Ministry of Transport adopts the National Tertiary Roads Plan for Regional Transformation.
Opening of Case No. 4 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Territorial Situation in the Urabá Region”.
Opening of Case No. 5 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Territorial Situation in the Northern Cauca and Southern Valle de Cauca Regions”.
The counter-monument “Fragmentos” from the artist Doris Salcedo in Bogotá is inaugurated. It was built from the melting of 8.994 weapons handed voluntarily by the former FARC-EP and with the participation of victims of sexual violence of the armed conflict.
Opening of Case No. 6 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Victimization of Patriotic Union Members”.
Opening of Case No. 7 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace “Recruitment and Use of Children in the Armed Conflict”.
The first right to reply in national media is granted to parties that have declared themselves in opposition to the national government (President Iván Duque). The statement by the opposition parties was led by Juanita Goebertus.
The Ministry of Information and Communication Technologies adopts the National Rural Connectivity Plan.
The Special Peace Jurisdiction applies the non-extradiction guarantee for Jesús Santrich and orders the Attorney General’s Office his immediate release through Auto SRT-AE-030/2019.
The dissidence group of the FARC called Segunda Marquetalia is founded, led by Iván Márquez and Jesús Santrich, negotiators of the peace process, together with other FARC-EP commanders.
The Special Peace Jurisdiction excludes Jesús Santrich from the transitional justice system derived from the Peace Agreement after his voluntary act of abandoning the reincorporation process and his seat as a congressman.
The Reincorporation Route is created through Resolution 4309 of 2019.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development adopts the National Plan for Promoting the Marketing of Produce from Rural, Family-Run, and Community-Based Economies.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development adopts the National Irrigation and Drainage Plan for Rural, Family-Run, and Community-Based Economies.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development adopts the Plan for Supporting and Consolidating Income Generation in Rural, Family-Run, and Community-Based Economies.
The Ministry of Labor adopts the Progressive Plan for Social Protection and Safeguarding of the Rights of Rural Workers.
The Ministry of Labor adopts the National Plan to Promote the Rural Solidarity and Cooperative Economy.
The Ministry of Housing adopts the National Plan for Drinking Water Supply and Basic Rural Sanitation.
The Strategic Security and Protection Plan for individuals in the reincorporation process is published.
Seven members of the Secretariat of the former FARC-EP, after being charged by the JEP for the crime of kidnapping through Auto 019 of 2021, publicly accept their responsibility.
The Ministry of Housing adopts the National Plan for Building and Improving Rural Social Interest Housing (PNVISR, for its Spanish acronym).
Legislative Act 02 of 2021, creating 16 special peace seats in Congress for victims of the armed conflict, is passed after more than two years in Congress and a Constitutional Court review.
The OAS Mission to Support the Peace Process (MAPP, for its Spanish acronym) signs the Eighth Protocol of Support, extending its mission for three years.
António Guterres, UN Secretary-General, visits Colombia to verify the status and implementation of the Peace Agreement five years after its signing.
The fifth anniversary of the Peace Agreement’s signing is commemorated.
The United States government removes the FARC from its list of terrorist organizations.
The Comunes political party endorses 41 congressional candidates for the Senate and the House of Representatives, including 18 women and 25 former combatants.
The National Registry Office (Registraduría) presents the official list of candidates registered to run for the Special Transitory Peace Voting Districts. A total of 398 registered candidates will compete for 16 seats in the House of Representatives.
Emilio Archila, the Presidential Advisor for Stabilization and Consolidation, reports on implementation progress to the UN Security Council. The Security Council reiterates its support for the Peace Agreement’s implementation.
The Constitutional Court declares an unconstitutional state of affairs regarding the security guarantees promised to individuals in the process of reincorporation under the Peace Agreement.
In the 2022 legislative elections, the election of the 16 seats of the Special Transitory Peace Electoral Districts for the House of Representatives is held. The National Registry Office (Registraduría) reports a vote of approximately 553.664 people out of 1.246.634 eligible voters.
President Ivan Duque addresses the UN Security Council, in the framework of the presentation of the quarterly report of the UN Verification Mission in Colombia.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) holds a public hearing for the recognition of responsibility of 10 senior members of the security forces, among them a general and 4 colonels, in addition to a third civilian, charged in Case 03 called “Deaths unlawfully presented as casualties by State agents”, specifically in the Catatumbo region.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) holds a public hearing for the recognition of responsibility of 7 former members of the FARC-EP secretariat, for the crime of kidnapping, charged in Case 01 called “Hostage-taking and serious deprivation of liberty committed by the FARC-EP”.
The Truth Commission publicly releases, at the Jorge Eliecer Gaitán Theatre in Bogotá, its final report on what happened during Colombia’s armed conflict.
Opening of Case No. 10 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace “Crimes not eligible for amnesty, committed by members of the ex Farc-EP, because of, or in direct or indirect connection with the Colombian armed conflict”.
The Follow-up and Monitoring Committee to support the recommendations of the Truth Commission’s Final Report is established.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace and the UN Verification Mission in Colombia sign a protocol to formalize the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism for the implementation of JEP’s Special Sanctions
Opening of Case No. 08 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Crimes committed by members of the public force, other State agents, or in association with paramilitary groups, or civilian third parties, due to, on occasion, or in direct or indirect relation to the Colombian armed conflict”.
Opening of Case No. 09 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Crimes against ethnic peoples and territories in the armed conflict”.
The Government reactivates the Commission for Monitoring, Promotion and Verifying the Implementation of the Final Agreement (CSIVI) and the National Commission for Security Guarantees (CNGS).
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace issues the first resolution against the former Farc secretariat members in macro case 01: “Hostage-taking and serious deprivation of liberty committed by the FARC-EP”.
The Unit for the Implementation of the Final Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace is created within the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace, through Decree 2467 of 2022.
The UN Security Council extends the mandate of the Verification Mission in Colombia to include verification of the implementation of Point 1, related to the Integral Rural Reform, and Point 6.2, related to the Chapter on Ethnic Perspectives.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) begins the trial phase against seven members of the FARC-EP Secretariat under Case 01: “Hostage-taking and serious deprivation of liberty committed by the FARC-EP”.
The Government includes in its National Development Plan 2022-2026, the Four Year Plan for the Implementation of the Peace Agreement with concrete actions and goals.
Rodrigo Londoño intervenes at the UN Security Council and asks for support to implement the Peace Agreement.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP), within the framework of Macro Case 05, which prioritises the territorial situation in the region of northern Cauca and southern Valle del Cauca, accredits the Cauca River as a victim of the internal armed conflict.
UN High Commissioner for Human Rights appoints Antonia Urrejola as international human rights expert on obstacles to the implementation of the 2016 Peace Agreement, following a request from the UN Human Rights Council.
The Constitutional Court declares Decree 1207 of 2021, which regulated the election of the representatives of the 16 Special Transitional Peace Constituencies, unconstitutional. Although this decision did not affect the election already held, it requires the issuance of new regulations for the next elections in 2026.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) opens Macro Case 11, which will investigate gender-based violence that occurred in the context of the Colombian conflict.
In the framework of the territorial elections, 144 signatories of the peace agreement (including 36 women) participate in the electoral contest. Armel Caracas Viveros, a former FARC-EP member, was elected mayor of Cumaribo, in the department of Vichada.
The UN Security Council extends the mandate of the Special Mission to Colombia until 31 October 2024.
The Constitutional Court declares an “unconstitutional state of affairs” due to systematic violence against social leaders in the country. The National Government is ordered to ensure that the population leaders and defenders of human rights in Colombia enjoy the necessary protection for the development of their activities.
The Constitutional Court orders the Directorate for the Substitution of Illicit Crops to comply with the agreements signed with the communities within the framework of the PNIS, and to accelerate the implementation of the Peace Agreement. In addition, the Ministry of Defense and the National Army are urged to prioritize the voluntary substitution of crops for illicit use, in a concerted manner with the communities.
Antonia Urrejola, appointed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as an international expert on human rights to identify obstacles to the implementation of the 2016 Peace Agreement, delivers the preliminary version of her report.
The United Nations Security Council is making its third visit to Colombia (from February 7 to 11, 2024), within the framework of its responsibilities as the body responsible for verifying the implementation of the Peace Agreement.
The national government and the dissident organization of the FARC-EP known as the “Segunda Marquetalia” announce the beginning of a new peace negotiation process. This organization is headed by Iván Márquez, the former head of the FARC-EP negotiating team in Havana, and signatory of the 2016 peace agreement.
The Sumapaz peasant community is included in the Single Registry of Victims (RUV) and has become recognized as a subject of collective reparation.
Antonia Urrejola, appointed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as an international human rights expert to identify obstacles to the implementation of the 2016 Peace Agreement, delivers the final version of her report on the problems in the implementation of the Peace Agreement.
Under the coordination of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) and the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, the “Siembras de vida” project is launched, linking 46 former members of the National Army, who appeared before the JEP for “false positives” in the reforestation of forests in the town of Usme.
The Amnesty Chamber of the JEP orders that the judicial records of 9,600 former FARC-EP combatants be erased, as a materialization of the legal benefits for the signatories of the peace, and a guarantee of their effective reincorporation into society.
The National Government and the dissident organization of the FARC-EP known as the “Secgunda Marquetalia” set up a peace negotiation table in Caracas, Venezuela. This organization is headed by Iván Márquez, the former head of the FARC-EP negotiating team in Havana and signatory of the 2016 peace agreement.
Diego Tovar speaks in person before the United Nations Security Council, representing the signatories of the peace in Colombia, on the implementation of the Peace Agreement, and makes an urgent call to stop the violence against the signatories.
The “Kusikawsay” monument is inaugurated at the United Nations in New York, one of the three monuments that were agreed to be built with the remains of the 8,994 FARC-EP weapons.
Former members of the FARC-EP Secretariat Rodrigo Londoño (Timochenko), Jaime Alberto Parra (Mauricio Jaramillo), Milton de Jesús Toncel (Joaquín Gómez), Pablo Catatumbo Torres, Pastor Alape (José Lisandro Lascarro), Julián Gallo (Carlos Antonio Lozada) and Rodrigo Granda renounce the presumption of innocence in all cases for which they have been charged before the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP), and request a single sentence from said instance.
The National Government, headed by President Gustavo Petro, presents to the UN Security Council a shock plan to accelerate the implementation of the Peace Agreement
Precedents
With the precedent of the confrontation between liberal and conservative guerrillas of the “La Violencia” era in Colombia, the armed confrontation between the Colombian State and the FARC-EP dates back to the 1960s with the formation of the guerrilla group in 1964, and the evolution and deployment of its guerrilla structures in different regions of the country during the following decades.
The National Army carries out “Operation Jaque,” freeing 15 kidnapped individuals. Former presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt and United States contractors Keith Stansell and Marc Gonsalves are among those freed.
Manuel Marulanda Vélez, alias Tirofijo, FARC-EP commander-in-chief, dies of a heart attack. Alfonso Cano replaces him.
Raúl Reyes, a member of the FARC-EP Secretariat, is killed in Ecuador in a National Army raid.
With the International Committee of the Red Cross’s support and the Venezuelan government’s mediation, kidnapped individuals Gloria Polanco, Jorge Géchem, Luis Eladio Pérez, and Orlando Beltrán are released.
Guerrilla leader Tomás Medina Caracas, alias “El Negro Acacio,” is killed in a National Army operation in the Vichada department.
As a gesture of goodwill, the national government unilaterally releases Rodrigo Granda and another 150 imprisoned guerrillas to achieve a humanitarian agreement.
The national government agrees to convert the Aures rural settlement in the Caicedonia municipality, Valle de Cauca, into a meeting place to advance talks related to the humanitarian agreement with the FARC-EP.
As a gesture of goodwill and part of pursuing a humanitarian agreement, the national government pardons 23 FARC-EP guerrilla members and subsequently releases them from prison.
A Swiss government delegate is authorized to meet with FARC-EP members to conduct a mediation aimed at reaching a humanitarian agreement.
There are attempts to begin talks between the Álvaro Uribe government and the FARC-EP through a commission made up of Catholic Church members (Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro and Father Darío Echeverry).
Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro and Father Darío Echeverry hold a meeting with Raúl Reyes to explore the possibility of a humanitarian agreement. Another meeting is held on December 27 of that same year.
With Operation Liberty I (Operación Libertad Uno), the National Army launches Plan Patriota: a widespread military effort against the FARC-EP and ELN guerrilla organizations. As a result of this strategy, several leaders from these groups fall in the following months and years.
In response to the issue of kidnapping, the national government makes public its intention to establish a facilitating mission aimed at engaging the FARC-EP in dialogue, so that kidnapped individuals are released through a humanitarian agreement. Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro, Father Darío Echeverry, and former minister Angelino Garzón take part.
The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace, under instructions from the Office of the President, requests aid and good offices from the United Nations Secretary-General in pursuit of a humanitarian agreement with the FARC-EP guerrillas.
The FARC-EP hijacks the HK 3951 plane, which was covering the Neiva–Bogotá route. They force it to land on a road in El Hobo, Huila, and kidnap then-senator Jorge Eduardo Géchem Turbay. With this event, the peace talks break down.
The FARC-EP rejects the new conditions established by the national government and leaves the dialogue table.
President Andrés Pastrana extends the demilitarized zone until January 2002. Nevertheless, due to multiple acts of violence, including the kidnapping and murder of former Minister of Culture Consuelo Araújo Noguera, the national government imposes new control measures on the demilitarized area.
Negotiators from the national government and the FARC-EP sign the San Francisco de la Sombra Agreement. In it, the parties commit to studying the possibility of a ceasefire and call on different segments of society to contribute proposals to the peace process.
In the midst of a crisis, followed by various acts of violence in the country, President Andrés Pastrana and Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”) meet. They reach the Los Pozos Agreement.
The FARC-EP announces an “indefinite freeze” on negotiations with the national government. According to the guerrilla organization, the state had not shown its willingness to fight paramilitary groups.
The FARC-EP announces the formation of the Bolivarian Movement for a New Colombia (MBNC, for its Spanish acronym) as a political expression of the insurgent group.
The negotiating table between the national government and the FARC-EP is installed, with President Andrés Pastrana present. Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”), FARC-EP commander-in-chief, does not attend the ceremony. Negotiations move forward in the midst of armed confrontation.
President Andrés Pastrana decrees the demilitarization of 5 municipalities: San Vicente del Caguán in Caquetá, and La Uribe, Macarena, Vista Hermosa, and Mesetas in Meta.
Andrés Pastrana (1998-2002) takes office as President of Colombia, committed to advancing peace negotiations with the FARC-EP.
President-elect Andrés Pastrana meets with the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”).
As a result of former minister Argelino Durán’s death in captivity, peace talks between the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body are suspended. Although the parties considered resuming talks in October of that same year, this did not ultimately happen, officially concluding this period of negotiations.
Argelino Durán, former Minister of Public Works, dies in captivity after being kidnapped on January 26 of the same year by members of the EPL (an organization belonging, together with the FARC-EP, to the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body).
A new round of negotiations between the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government begins in Tlaxcala, Mexico. The parties reach first agreements and publish a joint communiqué on March 13, calling all segments of society to join the dialogue.
A new Political Constitution is adopted in Colombia. Members of the M-19 and Quintín Lame—former insurgent organizations—participate in its development, as part of peace agreements reached with the governments of Virgilio Barco (1986-1990) and Cesar Gaviria (1990-1994).
Negotiating tables are set up in Caracas, Venezuela, to end the armed conflict between the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government.
On May 15, 16, and 17, delegates from the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government meet in Cravo Norte, Arauca. A first consensus is reached regarding the negotiation agenda, and they agree to continue dialogues in Caracas, Venezuela.
The joint negotiating table between the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body (CGSB, for its Spanish acronym) is formed. The CGSB is made up of the FARC-EP, the ELN, and the EPL’s remaining members.
Cesar Gaviria takes office as President of Colombia (1990-1994). Like his predecessor, Virgilio Barco (1986-1990), he proposes holding peace talks with the country’s insurgent groups, including the FARC-EP. These groups, through the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body, had expressed their intention to begin dialogues with the national government.
The FARC-EP ambushes National Army members at the Quebrada Riecito in the Puerto Rico municipality, Caquetá. 26 soldiers are killed, and an additional 44 are wounded. This event breaks the ceasefire between the national government and the insurgent movement, concluding this period of negotiations.
John Agudelo Ríos submits his resignation to the Peace, Dialogue, and Verification Commission. Days later, the other members resign, dissolving the Commission and ending negotiations.
The Patriotic Union (UP, for its Spanish acronym) participates in congressional elections for the first time. Five senators, nine House representatives, 20 departmental representatives, and 353 councilpersons are elected.
Through Decree No. 3030 of 1985, a Peace, Dialogue, and Verification Commission is appointed to replace the existing commissions and the commissioners retiring that year.
In La Uribe, Meta, the FARC-EP announces the creation of the Patriotic Union (UP, for its Spanish acronym). This political party is part of a process of political, economic, and social organization that the FARC-EP had been carrying out since November 1984.
The National Verification Commission is created, which aims to ensure the fulfillment of the Uribe Accord. The Commission’s members included Horacio Serpa, Álvaro Leyva Durán, and Fernando Cepeda Ulloa, among others.
The FARC-EP guerrillas and the national government sign the first ceasefire agreement, known as the “Uribe Accord” (Los Acuerdos de La Uribe). Peace negotiations formally begin between the insurgent movement and President Belisario Betancur’s government.
Through Decree No. 240 of 1983, José Luis Serna (Bishop of Florencia), Gerardo Ayerbe Chaux, and Alfredo Carvajal Sinisterra (subsequently replaced by Nicanor Restrepo Santamaría on May 22, 1984) are appointed as High Commissioners for Peace. Later, in September, Antonio Duque Álvarez is also appointed through Decree No. 2560 of 1983.
Law 35 of 1982, which decrees an amnesty and issues provisions aimed at re-establishing and preserving peace, is enacted.
Belisario Betancur takes office as President of Colombia (1982-1986). He initiates a policy of attempts to begin talks with the country’s insurgent groups.
Exploratory Phase
The Exploratory phase of the talks between the Colombian Government and the FARC-EP took place between September 2010 and August 2012. It all began with an exchange of letters and communications – through third party delegates – and ended with the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace, which guided the course and rules of the talks during the public stage.
Statement from Timoleón Jiménez, commander-in-chief of the FARC-EP, on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict.
Public address from President Juan Manuel Santos on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
President Juan Manuel Santos confirms the completion of the exploratory phase.
Signing of the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
Tenth round of exploratory meetings. Culminates in Havana with the signing of a closing agreement on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
Ninth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
The Legal Framework for Peace (Legislative Act 01 of 2012) is enacted.
Eighth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Seventh round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Sixth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Fifth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Fourth round of exploratory meetings. Work to prepare a draft of the General Agreement.
Third round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Second round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Second meeting between Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, and Timoleón Jiménez, commander-in-chief of the FARC-EP.
The first exploratory meeting between representatives of the government and the FARC-EP is held in Havana, Cuba.
First round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
The last preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held in Barinas, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
Meeting between Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela, and Timoleón Jiménez, commander-in-chief of the FARC-EP.
Alfonso Cano, FARC-EP commander, is killed in Operation Odiseo.
The third preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held on Orchila Island, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The second preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held on Orchila Island, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The Victims and Land Restitution Law (Law 1448 of 2011) is enacted.
The FARC-EP designates Mauricio Jaramillo and Timoleón Jiménez as part of their delegation for the exploratory meeting.
The first preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held in Río de Oro, Cesar, about a possible exploratory meeting.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Messages from the President concerning a meeting and possible negotiation.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Response regarding Mauricio Jaramillo’s future presence and guidelines for the first preparatory meeting, including a proposal for Ricardo Téllez to attend on behalf of the FARC-EP.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo on the appointment of Rodrigo Granda to participate in the first exploratory meeting.
Creation of the National Security Council (Decree 4748 of 2010).
Letter from Henry Acosta to Pablo Catatumbo with a proposal from the President of the Republic on exploratory meetings.
The Law on Public Order (Law 1421 of 2010), the legal framework for talks with armed groups in Colombia, is enacted.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Conclusions regarding the President of the Republic’s proposal to hold a first meeting between government and FARC-EP delegates.
Sergio Jaramillo is appointed as High Commissioner for Peace.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Pablo Catatumbo’s response to President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón’s September 7, 2010, message.
Mono Jojoy, commander of the FARC-EP’s Eastern Bloc, is killed in Operation Sodoma, in the region of La Macarena.
Beginning of confidential communication between the National Government and the FARC-EP, through Henry Acosta.
President Juan Manuel Santos authorizes Henry Acosta Patiño to advance attempts to begin talks with the FARC-EP.
Closing of the 73rd Assembly of the National Business Association of Colombia (ANDI, in Spanish). President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón reiterates his message about ending the armed conflict.
Meeting between President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón and his Venezuelan counterpart Hugo Chávez Frías.
Juan Manuel Santos takes office as President of Colombia.
Conversations Phase
On October 18, 2012, the Negotiations Table was installed, thus initiating the public phase of the process to be carried out in Havana, with the objective of reaching agreements on the six points of the agenda. On August 24, 2016, a first Final Agreement was reached, which was signed in Cartagena a month later.
The plebiscite is held as an endorsement mechanism so that Colombian society may vote in favor of or against the Final Agreement reached in Havana.
The parties officially sign the Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace in Cartagena, Colombia.
The FARC-EP acknowledges its responsibility in the La Chinita massacre in Apartadó, Antioquia.
The FARC-EP holds its Tenth Conference, the organization’s highest decision-making body, in which it ratifies its support for the Final Agreement.
President Juan Manuel Santos acknowledges the State’s responsibility in the case of the Patriotic Union (UP, in Spanish).
The subcommittee for the elaboration of the statute of guarantees for the exercise of political opposition is installed by the Ministry of the Interior.
President Juan Manuel Santos, by means of Decree 1386, orders a bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities between the National Government and the FARC-EP.
The statutory law establishing the terms of the plebiscite for the Final Agreement’s endorsement is passed (Statutory Law 1806 of 2016).
Formal discussions at the Negotiation Table conclude.
Agreement reached. The delegations announce that they have reached a final, comprehensive, and definitive agreement.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP meet with a delegation from the Interethnic Commission (Comisión Interétnica) to define issues of the Final Agreement’s ethnic chapter.
Technical visits to the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) conclude.
The parties reach an agreement on selection mechanisms for magistrates of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace.
Sergio de Zubiría and Pablo Julio Cruz are appointed as expert delegates, by the Roundtable, for the commission that will define the guidelines of the statute of guarantees for political parties and movements that declare themselves in opposition.
In Colombia, delegates from the government, the FARC-EP, and the UN begin technical visits to the places where the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and the Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) will be located.
The parties reach an agreement on protocols for the ceasefire and laying down of arms, which accompany the agreement on these issues.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP present the results of including a gender perspective in the agreements.
The position of peace advocates (gestores de paz) is regulated (Decree 1175 of 2016).
The government creates the Interinstitutional Technical Committee to review lists of FARC-EP members (Decree 1174 of 2016).
The Constitutional Court approves the plebiscite as a mechanism to endorse the Peace Agreement with the FARC-EP.
The legislative act covering the “fast track” process and special presidential powers for six months is issued to expedite the implementation of a Final Agreement (Legislative Act 01 of 2016).
A review of the pending issues in agreements reached thus far begins.
The Roundtable defines the guidelines for the formation of the subcommittee for the elaboration of the statute of guarantees for the exercise of political opposition. All political parties and movements with legal status are called, and the participation of Marcha Patriótica and the Congress of the Peoples is requested, as well as two experts delegated by the Roundtable.
The Framework Plan for Implementation (PMI, for its Spanish acronym) is formally established, with pillars, strategies, products, measurable goals, and indicators necessary for implementing the Final Agreement.
Delegates from ethnic groups visit the Negotiation Table to include an ethnic approach in point 6.
Roy Barreras is appointed as a plenipotentiary of the government delegation at the Negotiation Table (Resolution 169 of 2015).
The parties sign an agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, security guarantees, and the fight against criminal organizations, signed by President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the implementation of the voluntary substitution agreement for illicit crops in the Briceño municipality, Antioquia.
Agreement to receive representatives of indigenous, Roma, Afro-Colombian, black, Palenquero, and Raizal communities.
Installation of the technical working group for the protocol to release minors under fifteen years of age from FARC-EP camps.
Former women combatants visit the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict and the Gender Subcommittee.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce an agreement on releasing minors under fifteen years of age from FARC-EP camps.
The parties reach an agreement to provide the Final Agreement with legal security and stability.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP formally begin discussions on point 6, Implementation, Verification, and Endorsement.
An amendment to the Law on Public Order (Law 1779 of 2016) is issued, which covers the implementation of some partial agreements reached.
Meeting of the government’s negotiating team with United States Secretary of State John Kerry.
Enrique Santos arrives in Havana to meet with the government’s delegation and the FARC-EP commander, Timoleón Jiménez.
Representatives of organizations on the search for persons deemed as missing arrive in Havana.
The human rights ombudsman presents a plan of recommendations in order to strengthen institutional capacities and victims’ participation in searching for, locating, identifying, and returning in a dignified manner the remains of persons deemed as missing.
Thirteen former members of armed groups in twelve peace processes visit the Gender Subcommittee.
The President of the Republic suspends FARC-EP delegates’ educational visits to their camps in Colombia after the incident in the Conejo rural settlement in Fonseca, La Guajira.
The Technical Investigation Team (CTI, in Spanish) and the Attorney General’s Office of Colombia (Fiscalía General de la Nación) initiate activities to search for, locate, identify, and return in a dignified manner the remains of persons disappeared due to the armed conflict in the cemetery of La Macarena, Meta.
The United Nations and the Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz) deliver the results of the forum on points 3 and 6.
The FARC-EP publicly renounces the recruitment of minors under the age of eighteen.
The Forum on the End of the Conflict and Implementation, Verification, and Endorsement is held on points 3 and 6.
The Negotiation Table receives progress reports from the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict and the Security Guarantees Working Group.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the creation of a tripartite mechanism for monitoring and verifying the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and laying down of arms.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP meet with Cuban President Raúl Castro.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with Jean Arnault, delegate of the United Nations Secretary-General.
The government’s delegation meets with Eamon Gilmore, European Union Envoy for the Peace Process.
The Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict meets and prepares a draft of the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and the laying down of arms.
The parties reach an agreement on the entirety of point 5: Agreement on the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations, and Non-Recurrence.
The National Land Agency, Rural Development Agency, and Territory Renewal Agency are created (Decrees 2363, 2364, and 2366 of 2015).
Meetings of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross to address the issue of the search protocol for persons deemed as missing.
Meeting of the justice group to consolidate the definitive version of the agreement on justice.
A group of businesspeople meets with the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP at the Negotiation Table and issues a statement expressing their support for the peace process.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with the United Nations Secretary-General delegate, Jean Arnault, and UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency delegate, José Bayardi.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP meet with Carlos Valdés, director of the National Institute of Legal Medicine, and Christoph Harnish, head of the International Committee of the Red Cross’s delegation in Colombia, to discuss the process of searching for persons deemed as missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with Jean Arnault, delegate of the United Nations Secretary-General, to discuss issues related to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
Gender Subcommittee meeting in Havana to mainstream the gender perspective in the agreements reached.
Meeting of the group of jurists delegated by the President, with the representatives of FARC-EP in the Negotiation Table.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict’s members with the demining pilot project’s team.
An agreement is announced on immediate confidence-building measures to contribute to searching for, locating, identifying, and returning the remains of persons deemed as missing in the context of and due to the armed conflict, and the creation of the Special Unit for the Search for Persons Deemed as Missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with UN and UNASUR delegates.
Meeting of the steering group of the demining agreement to take stock of the project.
The government’s delegation meets with Bernie Aronson, United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process.
First meeting in Havana between President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez; in which it is announced the Special Jurisdiction for Peace agreement.
Meeting of the group of jurists delegated by the Negotiation Table in Bogotá, which achieves a draft agreement on the point of justice.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
The Negotiation Table meets with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
Meeting of legal advisors with the government’s delegation in Havana to address the point of justice.
Meeting of a group of ten women NGO representatives with the Gender Subcommittee to share their proposals on victims of sexual violence.
Pablo Catatumbo returns to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Ethnic leader Genaro García is assassinated by the FARC-EP in the rural area of Tumaco, Nariño.
First meeting of the Review of the Legal Situation of Persons Deprived of Liberty working group, made up of government and FARC-EP delegates.
First meeting of the government’s legal advisors with plenipotentiaries from the National Government’s delegation to exchange views on the point of justice.
Douglas Cassel, Juan Carlos Henao, and Manuel José Cepeda, legal advisors to the government, arrive in Havana to meet for the first time with the attorneys of the FARC-EP’s legal group to address the issue of justice.
The president orders the suspension of bombings against the FARC-EP.
First formal meeting of the Security Guarantees Group, made up of government and FARC-EP delegates, to address this subpoint on End of the Conflict.
Release of Second Lieutenant Cristian Moscoso, who was kidnapped by the FARC-EP.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP reach an agreement on accelerating the work in Havana and de-escalating offensive actions in Colombia, and the creation of a legal group to discuss the point on justice is formalized, made up of three lawyers designated by the President and three lawyers designated by the FARC-EP.
The Technical Group for Demining agrees on the annex to the Demining Pilot Plan on mechanisms to reinforce the community’s and the multitask team’s safety in the El Orejón rural settlement.
The 2014-2018 National Development Plan (Law 1753 of 2015) is passed.
Meeting of the President of the Republic with part of the government’s delegation and a group of external advisors made up of Jonathan Powell, William Ury, and Joaquín Villalobos.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Minister of Foreign Affairs María Ángela Holguín and businessman Gonzalo Restrepo as new plenipotentiaries.
The Technical Group for Demining presents advances in the pilot demining project in El Orejón to the Negotiation Table.
María Ángela Holguín and Gonzalo Restrepo are appointed as plenipotentiaries of the government’s delegation to the Negotiation Table (Resolution 091 of 2015).
Military forces kill Alfredo Alarcón Machado (Román Ruiz), commander of the Northwestern Bloc of the FARC-EP in the Chocó department.
The government’s delegation meets with Zainab Bangura, United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict.
Meeting of the National Government’s delegation with Bernie Aronson, United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process.
The FARC-EP declares a suspension of the unilateral ceasefire.
Signing of the demining protocol by the reference group of the demining pilot project.
Enrique Santos, special delegate of President Juan Manuel Santos, is sent to Havana to support the development of the peace talks.
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
The Negotiation Table conducts a new round of direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Aracelly Santana (Ecuador – UN), Jeffrey Mapendere (former guerrilla – Zimbabwe), Yon Medina Vivanco (Peru – UN), and Julian Thomas Hottinger.
FARC-EP attack on the military in the La Esperanza rural settlement in Buenos Aires, Cauca. Ten soldiers die and another eighteen are injured in the incident.
Meeting of the technical working group to discuss the demining agreement. The first pilot site for demining is selected: El Orejón mountain, El Orejón rural settlement, in Briceño, Antioquia.
A march for peace is held, organized by Gustavo Petro and Piedad Córdoba, to express support for the peace process.
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
The Negotiation Table conducts new direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Jean Arnault (UN), Major General Mauricio Ernesto Vargas (Government – El Salvador), José Luis Merino (former guerrilla – El Salvador), and Colonel (Retired) Prudencio García (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Gender Subcommittee meeting to discuss recommendations made to drafts of the agreement on points 1, 2, and 4, as well as to make recommendations to the proposals on the Truth Commission and on disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration with a gender perspective.
First meeting of the technical working group to discuss the demining agreement.
President Santos creates an Advisory Commission for Peace with representatives from the country’s different population segments.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP at the Negotiation Table reach an agreement on demining.
Visit of the third delegation of women’s and LGBTI organizations to Havana, within the framework of the Gender Subcommittee.
Installation of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Major General (Retired) Julio Arnoldo Balconi Turcios (Government – Guatemala), Rodrigo Sandino Asturias Valenzuela (former guerrilla – Guatemala), and General (Retired) Luis Alejandro Sintes (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Meeting of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with Kofi Annan, former Secretary-General of the United Nations, at the Negotiation Table.
Bernie Aronson, the United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process, and Kevin Whitaker, United States Ambassador to Colombia, visit Havana.
Announcement by the FARC-EP on the non-incorporation of minors into its ranks.
Men and women representatives from organizations of women victims, small-scale farmers, indigenous people, Afro-descendant people, former combatants, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and intersex persons, as well as human rights defenders and leaders, meet with the Gender Subcommittee to present their proposals.
The Frente Amplio por la Paz travels to Havana to present its analysis of the unilateral ceasefire declared by the FARC-EP.
The Negotiation Table meets with the members of the Historical Commission on the Conflict and its Victims.
Joaquín Gómez and Olga Arenas are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
The law establishing rules for constitutional approval of a Final Agreement to End the Armed Conflict (Law 1745 of 2014) is enacted.
The FARC-EP asks for forgiveness from Bojayá victims.
The FARC-EP declares an indefinite unilateral ceasefire and cessation of hostilities.
The fifth group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
Within the framework of the Gender Subcommittee, the first delegation of women’s organizations visits Havana.
Part of the National Government’s delegation travels to Havana to meet with the FARC-EP after the General Alzate incident.
Soldiers Paulo César Rivera Capelo, Jonathan Díaz Franco, and Carlos Becerra Ojeda are released.
Brigadier General Rubén Darío Alzate Mora is kidnapped by members of the FARC-EP’s 34th Front, along with Army Corporal Jorge Rodríguez Contreras and lawyer Gloria Urrego, in the hamlet of Las Mercedes de Quibdó, Chocó.
The fourth group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Marcy Mersky and María Camila Moreno, experts on truth commissions.
Andrés París, Miguel Pascuas, Patricia Cano, and Noel Pérez—members of the FARC-EP’s delegation—return to Colombia.
Wálter Mendoza is transferred to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Carlos Antonio Lozada and Isabela San Roque are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Rubén Zamora and Sergio Ibáñez, members of the FARC-EP delegation, return to Colombia.
Pastor Alape, Isaías Trujillo, Érika Trujillo, Eduardo Alcalá, Serena Alape, Rubín Morro, Pablo Jaramillo, Gabriel Hernández, Mayerli Gómez, and Leonidas Esparto are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Olmedo Correa, Tomás Ojeda, and Emiro Gómez—members of the FARC-EP’s delegation—return to Colombia.
The third group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table publishes draft agreements reached on points 1, 2, and 4.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP receive the proposals presented at the citizen participation forums on the victims point.
The second group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Mark Freeman, an expert on truth commissions.
The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace’s Thematic Directorate (Dirección Temática) and the Office of the Minister-Advisor for the Post-Conflict Period, Human Rights, and Security (Despacho del Ministro Consejero para el Posconflicto, Derechos Humanos y Seguridad) are created (Decree 1649 of 2014).
The Negotiation Table welcomes Javier Ciurlizza, an expert in truth commissions.
Installation of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP set up the Historical Commission on the Conflict and its Victims.
The formation of the government delegation to the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict is authorized (Resolution 227 of 2014).
Early meeting of members from the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP who will be part of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The first group of victims meets with the delegations at the Negotiation Table.
The first group of victims travels to Havana.
Completion of a series of preparatory meetings for round 27 on the victims point. Fourth preparatory meeting.
The National Victims Forum is held in Cali.
The Regional Victims Forum in Barranquilla is held.
Second preparatory meeting for round 27 on the victims point.
The Regional Victims Forum in Barrancabermeja is held.
Beginning of a series of preparatory meetings for round 27 on the victims point. First preparatory meeting.
The Regional Victims Forum in Villavicencio is held.
Second round of the presidential elections. Juan Manuel Santos is re-elected as president.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize forums on point 5, Victims.
The agreement for creating the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict (STFC, in Spanish) is announced.
Public statement by the parties on the guiding principles for discussing point 5, Victims, and the establishment of the Gender Subcommittee.
The parties reach an agreement on point 4 of the negotiation agenda: Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
The FARC-EP acknowledges its responsibility for the homicide of Major Germán Méndez Pabón and Edílmer Muñoz Ortiz, a National Police patrol officer, who had both gone missing on March 15 in the rural area of Tumaco, Nariño.
Second meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
Discussion begins on the possibility of creating a Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict that would discuss the ceasefire.
Meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
Illegal wiretapping of the government’s negotiating team is reported.
Fabián Ramírez and Jairo Martínez are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Fidel Rondón is transferred to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Marcela González, Laura Villa, and Bernardo Salcedo—members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation—return to Colombia.
Julián Conrado is transferred to Havana as a member of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
The Negotiation Table welcomes delegates, both men and women, from ASMAR of Cauca; CRISTACAÑA of Vistahermosa, Meta; and ASOPROCAUCHO of El Retorno, Guaviare, in order to learn about their experience in the process of substituting illicit crops and rebuilding community networks and legal economies.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Ricardo Vargas and Darío Fajardo as experts on point 4, Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on point 4 with Ricardo Vargas, Darío Fajardo, Rodrigo Uprimny, Francisco Thoumi, Alfredo Molano, the Association of Women Farmers from the Rosas Municipality (Asociación de Mujeres Agricultoras del Municipio de Rosas – ASMAR), the CRISTACAÑA Business and Agricultural Association (Asociación Empresarial y Agropecuaria), and the Association of Rubber Producers and Marketers (Asociación de Productores y Comercializadores de Caucho – ASOPROCAUCHO).
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) presentation to the Negotiation Table.
The FARC-EP proposes including a commission on the historical truth of the Colombian internal conflict.
The United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University (Universidad Nacional) deliver the results of the forum on point 4.
María Paulina Riveros and Nigeria Rentería are appointed as plenipotentiaries of the government delegation at the Negotiation Table (Resolution 321 of 2013).
Commemoration of the first year of operation of the Negotiation Table’s website.
The parties reach an agreement on point 2 of the agenda: Political Participation: A Democratic Opportunity to Build Peace.
Kevin Scott Sutay, a U.S. citizen kidnapped by the FARC-EP, is released.
The National Summit of Women and Peace is held in Bogotá.
The Regional Forum on the Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem is held in San José del Guaviare, Guaviare, on point 4 of the negotiation agenda.
The National Forum on the Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem is held on point 4 of the negotiation agenda.