With the precedent of the confrontation between liberal and conservative guerrillas of the “La Violencia” era in Colombia, the armed confrontation between the Colombian State and the FARC-EP dates back to the 1960s with the formation of the guerrilla group in 1964, and the evolution and deployment of its guerrilla structures in different regions of the country during the following decades.
Belisario Betancur takes office as President of Colombia (1982-1986). He initiates a policy of attempts to begin talks with the country’s insurgent groups.
Through Decree No. 240 of 1983, José Luis Serna (Bishop of Florencia), Gerardo Ayerbe Chaux, and Alfredo Carvajal Sinisterra (subsequently replaced by Nicanor Restrepo Santamaría on May 22, 1984) are appointed as High Commissioners for Peace. Later, in September, Antonio Duque Álvarez is also appointed through Decree No. 2560 of 1983.
The FARC-EP guerrillas and the national government sign the first ceasefire agreement, known as the “Uribe Accord” (Los Acuerdos de La Uribe). Peace negotiations formally begin between the insurgent movement and President Belisario Betancur’s government.
The National Verification Commission is created, which aims to ensure the fulfillment of the Uribe Accord. The Commission’s members included Horacio Serpa, Álvaro Leyva Durán, and Fernando Cepeda Ulloa, among others.
In La Uribe, Meta, the FARC-EP announces the creation of the Patriotic Union (UP, for its Spanish acronym). This political party is part of a process of political, economic, and social organization that the FARC-EP had been carrying out since November 1984.
Through Decree No. 3030 of 1985, a Peace, Dialogue, and Verification Commission is appointed to replace the existing commissions and the commissioners retiring that year.
The Patriotic Union (UP, for its Spanish acronym) participates in congressional elections for the first time. Five senators, nine House representatives, 20 departmental representatives, and 353 councilpersons are elected.
John Agudelo Ríos submits his resignation to the Peace, Dialogue, and Verification Commission. Days later, the other members resign, dissolving the Commission and ending negotiations.
The FARC-EP ambushes National Army members at the Quebrada Riecito in the Puerto Rico municipality, Caquetá. 26 soldiers are killed, and an additional 44 are wounded. This event breaks the ceasefire between the national government and the insurgent movement, concluding this period of negotiations.
Cesar Gaviria takes office as President of Colombia (1990-1994). Like his predecessor, Virgilio Barco (1986-1990), he proposes holding peace talks with the country’s insurgent groups, including the FARC-EP. These groups, through the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body, had expressed their intention to begin dialogues with the national government.
The joint negotiating table between the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body (CGSB, for its Spanish acronym) is formed. The CGSB is made up of the FARC-EP, the ELN, and the EPL’s remaining members.
On May 15, 16, and 17, delegates from the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government meet in Cravo Norte, Arauca. A first consensus is reached regarding the negotiation agenda, and they agree to continue dialogues in Caracas, Venezuela.
Negotiating tables are set up in Caracas, Venezuela, to end the armed conflict between the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government.
A new Political Constitution is adopted in Colombia. Members of the M-19 and Quintín Lame—former insurgent organizations—participate in its development, as part of peace agreements reached with the governments of Virgilio Barco (1986-1990) and Cesar Gaviria (1990-1994).
A new round of negotiations between the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body and the national government begins in Tlaxcala, Mexico. The parties reach first agreements and publish a joint communiqué on March 13, calling all segments of society to join the dialogue.
Argelino Durán, former Minister of Public Works, dies in captivity after being kidnapped on January 26 of the same year by members of the EPL (an organization belonging, together with the FARC-EP, to the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body).
As a result of former minister Argelino Durán’s death in captivity, peace talks between the national government and the Simón Bolívar Guerrilla Coordinating Body are suspended. Although the parties considered resuming talks in October of that same year, this did not ultimately happen, officially concluding this period of negotiations.
President Andrés Pastrana decrees the demilitarization of 5 municipalities: San Vicente del Caguán in Caquetá, and La Uribe, Macarena, Vista Hermosa, and Mesetas in Meta.
The negotiating table between the national government and the FARC-EP is installed, with President Andrés Pastrana present. Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”), FARC-EP commander-in-chief, does not attend the ceremony. Negotiations move forward in the midst of armed confrontation.
The FARC-EP announces the formation of the Bolivarian Movement for a New Colombia (MBNC, for its Spanish acronym) as a political expression of the insurgent group.
The FARC-EP announces an “indefinite freeze” on negotiations with the national government. According to the guerrilla organization, the state had not shown its willingness to fight paramilitary groups.
In the midst of a crisis, followed by various acts of violence in the country, President Andrés Pastrana and Manuel Marulanda Vélez (“Tirofijo”) meet. They reach the Los Pozos Agreement.
Negotiators from the national government and the FARC-EP sign the San Francisco de la Sombra Agreement. In it, the parties commit to studying the possibility of a ceasefire and call on different segments of society to contribute proposals to the peace process.
President Andrés Pastrana extends the demilitarized zone until January 2002. Nevertheless, due to multiple acts of violence, including the kidnapping and murder of former Minister of Culture Consuelo Araújo Noguera, the national government imposes new control measures on the demilitarized area.
The FARC-EP hijacks the HK 3951 plane, which was covering the Neiva–Bogotá route. They force it to land on a road in El Hobo, Huila, and kidnap then-senator Jorge Eduardo Géchem Turbay. With this event, the peace talks break down.
The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace, under instructions from the Office of the President, requests aid and good offices from the United Nations Secretary-General in pursuit of a humanitarian agreement with the FARC-EP guerrillas.
In response to the issue of kidnapping, the national government makes public its intention to establish a facilitating mission aimed at engaging the FARC-EP in dialogue, so that kidnapped individuals are released through a humanitarian agreement. Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro, Father Darío Echeverry, and former minister Angelino Garzón take part.
With Operation Liberty I (Operación Libertad Uno), the National Army launches Plan Patriota: a widespread military effort against the FARC-EP and ELN guerrilla organizations. As a result of this strategy, several leaders from these groups fall in the following months and years.
Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro and Father Darío Echeverry hold a meeting with Raúl Reyes to explore the possibility of a humanitarian agreement. Another meeting is held on December 27 of that same year.
There are attempts to begin talks between the Álvaro Uribe government and the FARC-EP through a commission made up of Catholic Church members (Monsignor Luis Augusto Castro and Father Darío Echeverry).
As a gesture of goodwill and part of pursuing a humanitarian agreement, the national government pardons 23 FARC-EP guerrilla members and subsequently releases them from prison.
The national government agrees to convert the Aures rural settlement in the Caicedonia municipality, Valle de Cauca, into a meeting place to advance talks related to the humanitarian agreement with the FARC-EP.
As a gesture of goodwill, the national government unilaterally releases Rodrigo Granda and another 150 imprisoned guerrillas to achieve a humanitarian agreement.
With the International Committee of the Red Cross’s support and the Venezuelan government’s mediation, kidnapped individuals Gloria Polanco, Jorge Géchem, Luis Eladio Pérez, and Orlando Beltrán are released.
The National Army carries out “Operation Jaque,” freeing 15 kidnapped individuals. Former presidential candidate Íngrid Betancourt and United States contractors Keith Stansell and Marc Gonsalves are among those freed.
The Exploratory phase of the talks between the Colombian Government and the FARC-EP took place between September 2010 and August 2012. It all began with an exchange of letters and communications – through third party delegates – and ended with the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace, which guided the course and rules of the talks during the public stage.
Closing of the 73rd Assembly of the National Business Association of Colombia (ANDI, in Spanish). President Juan Manuel Santos Calderón reiterates his message about ending the armed conflict.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Conclusions regarding the President of the Republic’s proposal to hold a first meeting between government and FARC-EP delegates.
Letter to Henry Acosta from Pablo Catatumbo. Response regarding Mauricio Jaramillo’s future presence and guidelines for the first preparatory meeting, including a proposal for Ricardo Téllez to attend on behalf of the FARC-EP.
The first preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held in Río de Oro, Cesar, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The second preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held on Orchila Island, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The third preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held on Orchila Island, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
The last preparatory meeting between delegates of the Colombian government and the FARC-EP is held in Barinas, Venezuela, about a possible exploratory meeting.
First round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Second round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Third round of exploratory meetings. Exchanges of views on the process of ending the conflict and drafting of several early documents with both delegations’ positions.
Tenth round of exploratory meetings. Culminates in Havana with the signing of a closing agreement on the General Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace.
On October 18, 2012, the Negotiations Table was installed, thus initiating the public phase of the process to be carried out in Havana, with the objective of reaching agreements on the six points of the agenda. On August 24, 2016, a first Final Agreement was reached, which was signed in Cartagena a month later.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the Caribbean region (Atlántico, La Guajira, Magdalena, and San Andrés and Providencia).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the central region (Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Tolima, Meta, Casanare, and Guaviare).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the southwestern region (Nariño, Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Putumayo, and Huila).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the northwestern region and coffee belt region (Antioquia, Chocó Risaralda, Quindío, and Caldas).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the southern region and Orinoquía (Amazonas, Caquetá, Vaupés, and Vichada).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict in the northeastern region (Arauca, Norte de Santander, and Santander).
The Negotiation Table in Havana agrees to receive the conclusions of the Regional Working Groups organized by Congress’s Peace Commissions, which had support from the United Nations as well as Cuba and Norway, the guarantor countries of the process.
The Negotiation Table meets with Bruno Moro, United Nations representative in Colombia, and Alejo Vargas, the National University (Universidad Nacional) representative, to entrust them with organizing forums for citizen participation.
Within the framework of direct consultations on point 1, the Negotiation Table welcomes Luis Alberto Villegas (VallenPaz), Jesús Darío Fernández (ASOCAM), Israel Escue (Asociación Defensores del Territorio), and Saúl Medina (Asociación Defensores del Territorio).
The parties reach an agreement to launch the website www.mesadeconversaciones.com.co and agree on the format for citizen participation via physical means.
In the framework of direct consultations on point 1, the Negotiation Table welcomes Humberto Olaya (ASOPROGUEJAR), Hernán Vásquez B. (Alquería), Darío Fajardo (Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks at the National University [Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional]), and Francisco Gutiérrez (National University).
The guarantor countries submit proposals from the Regional Working Groups to Contribute to Ending the Conflict (of Congress’s Peace Commissions) to the Negotiation Table.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP report that they received the proposals from civil society and the organizations participating in the Regional Working Groups organized by Congress of the Republic.
The parties announce a forum on political participation and logistical preparatory meetings with the National University (Universidad Nacional) and the United Nations Office in Colombia (joint communiqué).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Northwestern region and coffee belt region (Risaralda, Quindío, Caldas, and Antioquia).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Llanos and Orinoquía regions (Casanare, Meta, Guaviare, Guainía, Vaupés, and Vichada).
The delegations announce the implementation of a procedure to receive and systematize citizen proposals in the face of massive participation in the forums held.
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Caribbean region II (Bolívar, Córdoba, Sucre, and San Andrés and Providencia).
Congress convenes the Regional Working Group to Contribute to Ending the Conflict – Southern and Amazon Piedmont regions (Amazonas, Caquetá, Putumayo, and Huila).
The Negotiation Table receives Alberto Rojas Puyo and Fabio Velásquez, experts in matters of citizen participation, within the framework of direct consultation mechanisms.
The Negotiation Table welcomes Víctor Manuel Moncayo, Marco Romero, Carlos Medina Gallego, and Sergio de Zubiría, experts on matters of political participation, within the framework of the direct consultation mechanism.
President Juan Manuel Santos calls the government delegation back to Bogotá for consultations in the context of the discussion on political participation.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize a forum on point 4, Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
María Paulina Riveros and Nigeria Rentería are appointed as plenipotentiaries of the government delegation at the Negotiation Table (Resolution 321 of 2013).
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on point 4 with Ricardo Vargas, Darío Fajardo, Rodrigo Uprimny, Francisco Thoumi, Alfredo Molano, the Association of Women Farmers from the Rosas Municipality (Asociación de Mujeres Agricultoras del Municipio de Rosas – ASMAR), the CRISTACAÑA Business and Agricultural Association (Asociación Empresarial y Agropecuaria), and the Association of Rubber Producers and Marketers (Asociación de Productores y Comercializadores de Caucho – ASOPROCAUCHO).
The Negotiation Table welcomes delegates, both men and women, from ASMAR of Cauca; CRISTACAÑA of Vistahermosa, Meta; and ASOPROCAUCHO of El Retorno, Guaviare, in order to learn about their experience in the process of substituting illicit crops and rebuilding community networks and legal economies.
Meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
Second meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
The FARC-EP acknowledges its responsibility for the homicide of Major Germán Méndez Pabón and Edílmer Muñoz Ortiz, a National Police patrol officer, who had both gone missing on March 15 in the rural area of Tumaco, Nariño.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize forums on point 5, Victims.
Early meeting of members from the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP who will be part of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace’s Thematic Directorate (Dirección Temática) and the Office of the Minister-Advisor for the Post-Conflict Period, Human Rights, and Security (Despacho del Ministro Consejero para el Posconflicto, Derechos Humanos y Seguridad) are created (Decree 1649 of 2014).
Pastor Alape, Isaías Trujillo, Érika Trujillo, Eduardo Alcalá, Serena Alape, Rubín Morro, Pablo Jaramillo, Gabriel Hernández, Mayerli Gómez, and Leonidas Esparto are transferred to Havana as members of the FARC-EP’s peace delegation.
Brigadier General Rubén Darío Alzate Mora is kidnapped by members of the FARC-EP’s 34th Front, along with Army Corporal Jorge Rodríguez Contreras and lawyer Gloria Urrego, in the hamlet of Las Mercedes de Quibdó, Chocó.
Men and women representatives from organizations of women victims, small-scale farmers, indigenous people, Afro-descendant people, former combatants, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and intersex persons, as well as human rights defenders and leaders, meet with the Gender Subcommittee to present their proposals.
Bernie Aronson, the United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process, and Kevin Whitaker, United States Ambassador to Colombia, visit Havana.
Meeting of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with Kofi Annan, former Secretary-General of the United Nations, at the Negotiation Table.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Major General (Retired) Julio Arnoldo Balconi Turcios (Government – Guatemala), Rodrigo Sandino Asturias Valenzuela (former guerrilla – Guatemala), and General (Retired) Luis Alejandro Sintes (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Gender Subcommittee meeting to discuss recommendations made to drafts of the agreement on points 1, 2, and 4, as well as to make recommendations to the proposals on the Truth Commission and on disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration with a gender perspective.
The Negotiation Table conducts new direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Jean Arnault (UN), Major General Mauricio Ernesto Vargas (Government – El Salvador), José Luis Merino (former guerrilla – El Salvador), and Colonel (Retired) Prudencio García (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
Meeting of the technical working group to discuss the demining agreement. The first pilot site for demining is selected: El Orejón mountain, El Orejón rural settlement, in Briceño, Antioquia.
FARC-EP attack on the military in the La Esperanza rural settlement in Buenos Aires, Cauca. Ten soldiers die and another eighteen are injured in the incident.
The Negotiation Table conducts a new round of direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Aracelly Santana (Ecuador – UN), Jeffrey Mapendere (former guerrilla – Zimbabwe), Yon Medina Vivanco (Peru – UN), and Julian Thomas Hottinger.
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
María Ángela Holguín and Gonzalo Restrepo are appointed as plenipotentiaries of the government’s delegation to the Negotiation Table (Resolution 091 of 2015).
Meeting of the President of the Republic with part of the government’s delegation and a group of external advisors made up of Jonathan Powell, William Ury, and Joaquín Villalobos.
The Technical Group for Demining agrees on the annex to the Demining Pilot Plan on mechanisms to reinforce the community’s and the multitask team’s safety in the El Orejón rural settlement.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP reach an agreement on accelerating the work in Havana and de-escalating offensive actions in Colombia, and the creation of a legal group to discuss the point on justice is formalized, made up of three lawyers designated by the President and three lawyers designated by the FARC-EP.
Douglas Cassel, Juan Carlos Henao, and Manuel José Cepeda, legal advisors to the government, arrive in Havana to meet for the first time with the attorneys of the FARC-EP’s legal group to address the issue of justice.
First meeting of the government’s legal advisors with plenipotentiaries from the National Government’s delegation to exchange views on the point of justice.
The Negotiation Table meets with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
First meeting in Havana between President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez; in which it is announced the Special Jurisdiction for Peace agreement.
An agreement is announced on immediate confidence-building measures to contribute to searching for, locating, identifying, and returning the remains of persons deemed as missing in the context of and due to the armed conflict, and the creation of the Special Unit for the Search for Persons Deemed as Missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with Jean Arnault, delegate of the United Nations Secretary-General, to discuss issues related to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP meet with Carlos Valdés, director of the National Institute of Legal Medicine, and Christoph Harnish, head of the International Committee of the Red Cross’s delegation in Colombia, to discuss the process of searching for persons deemed as missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with the United Nations Secretary-General delegate, Jean Arnault, and UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency delegate, José Bayardi.
A group of businesspeople meets with the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP at the Negotiation Table and issues a statement expressing their support for the peace process.
Meetings of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross to address the issue of the search protocol for persons deemed as missing.
The Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict meets and prepares a draft of the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and the laying down of arms.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the creation of a tripartite mechanism for monitoring and verifying the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and laying down of arms.
The United Nations and the Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz) deliver the results of the forum on points 3 and 6.
The Technical Investigation Team (CTI, in Spanish) and the Attorney General’s Office of Colombia (Fiscalía General de la Nación) initiate activities to search for, locate, identify, and return in a dignified manner the remains of persons disappeared due to the armed conflict in the cemetery of La Macarena, Meta.
The President of the Republic suspends FARC-EP delegates’ educational visits to their camps in Colombia after the incident in the Conejo rural settlement in Fonseca, La Guajira.
The human rights ombudsman presents a plan of recommendations in order to strengthen institutional capacities and victims’ participation in searching for, locating, identifying, and returning in a dignified manner the remains of persons deemed as missing.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the implementation of the voluntary substitution agreement for illicit crops in the Briceño municipality, Antioquia.
The parties sign an agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, security guarantees, and the fight against criminal organizations, signed by President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez.
The Framework Plan for Implementation (PMI, for its Spanish acronym) is formally established, with pillars, strategies, products, measurable goals, and indicators necessary for implementing the Final Agreement.
The Roundtable defines the guidelines for the formation of the subcommittee for the elaboration of the statute of guarantees for the exercise of political opposition. All political parties and movements with legal status are called, and the participation of Marcha Patriótica and the Congress of the Peoples is requested, as well as two experts delegated by the Roundtable.
The legislative act covering the “fast track” process and special presidential powers for six months is issued to expedite the implementation of a Final Agreement (Legislative Act 01 of 2016).
In Colombia, delegates from the government, the FARC-EP, and the UN begin technical visits to the places where the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and the Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) will be located.
Sergio de Zubiría and Pablo Julio Cruz are appointed as expert delegates, by the Roundtable, for the commission that will define the guidelines of the statute of guarantees for political parties and movements that declare themselves in opposition.
Technical visits to the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) conclude.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP meet with a delegation from the Interethnic Commission (Comisión Interétnica) to define issues of the Final Agreement’s ethnic chapter.
President Juan Manuel Santos, by means of Decree 1386, orders a bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities between the National Government and the FARC-EP.
The subcommittee for the elaboration of the statute of guarantees for the exercise of political opposition is installed by the Ministry of the Interior.
Following the Constitutional Court’s endorsement to establish a mechanism for citizen endorsement of what was agreed in Havana (Cuba), on October 2, 2016, the Plebiscite for peace was held. Colombians were asked: “Do you support the final agreement to end the conflict and build a stable and lasting peace?”. 6,431,376 citizens (50.21%) voted “No” and 6,377,482 (49.78%) “Yes”. In view of the disapproval of the Agreement, the Colombian government activated a Great National Dialogue with the purpose of collecting proposals for adjustments and clarifications from sectors that had voted in favor and against the Agreement. With these proposals, the government and FARC-EP sat down again in Havana to build a new agreement to be reached on November 12, 2016.
The National Civil Registry announces that “No” won with 6,431,376 votes (50.1%) of the total vote. “Yes” obtained 6,377,482 votes (49.78%). The difference was 53,894 votes.
Meetings with spokespersons from the “Yes” and “No” sides begin, thus beginning the Great National Dialogue after the disapproval of the Final Agreement in the plebiscite.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with the government’s delegation in Havana and with the heads of political parties promoting the “Yes” vote: the Partido de la U, Partido Liberal, Cambio Radical, Alianza Verde, Partido Conservador, Polo Democrático, and Unión Patriótica. Thus begins the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of President Juan Manuel Santos with fourteen leaders and representatives of victims, led by the head of the Fundación Víctimas Visibles, Diana Sofía Giraldo, during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo and the Vice Minister of the Interior with eighty representatives of churches during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo and the Secretary General of the OAS with victims’ leaders and student leaders to hear proposals on the peace agreement during the Great National Dialogue.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo during the Great National Dialogue with leaders of Christian churches who voted “No” in the plebiscite.
Meeting of Minister of the Interior Juan Fernando Cristo with Presidential Advisor for Gender Equity Martha Ordóñez and representatives of nine women’s organizations to explain a point on the gender perspective included in the Peace Agreement with the FARC-EP and hear their proposals on the matter.
Meeting of government delegates and representatives of political parties during the Great National Dialogue with representatives of the “No” vote, including Óscar Iván Zuluaga, Diana Sofía Gaviria, Carlos Holmes, and Álvaro Uribe.
The Council of State issues a favorable decision on the Final Agreement’s ratification by Congress (Decision No. 2323 of the Chamber of Civil Service and Consultation [Sala de Consulta y Servicio Civil]).
With the endorsement of the Final Agreement through the Congress of the Republic, the Implementation phase of the Agreement began on December 1, 2016. Among the first milestones of the implementation, the Commission for Monitoring, Promotion and Verification of Implementation (CSIVI) and the National Council for Reincorporation (CNR) were created as joint government and FARC-EP bodies to monitor the implementation process.
Creation of the Commission for Monitoring, Promoting, and Verifying the Implementation of the Final Agreement (CSIVI, in Spanish) (Decree 1995 of 2016).
The Constitutional Court approves Legislative Act 01 of 2016 on the legal instruments to accelerate the implementation of the Final Agreement; among others, the “fast track” mechanism.
The CSIVI provides guidelines to launch the Special High-Level Forum with Ethnic Peoples (IEANPE, for its Spanish acronym) to monitor the Final Agreement’s implementation.
Legislative Act 01 of 2017 creates a title of transitory provisions to the Constitution to end the armed conflict and build a stable and lasting peace, in addition to issuing other provisions.
Measures are adopted to facilitate implementing the comprehensive rural reform laid out in the Peace Agreement in terms of land, specifically the procedure for access and land titling and the Land Fund (Decree 902 of 2017).
Decree 1274 of 2017 extends the duration of the Transitional Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTNs, for their Spanish acronym) and some Transitional Local Points for Normalization (PTNs, for their Spanish acronym).
Legislative elections take place and the FARC participate as a political party, obtaining 52.532 votes for the Senate and 32.636 for the House of Representatives.
The Attorney General’s Office captures Jesús Santrich, delegate of the FARC-EP during the peace negotiations, with the end of extradicting him to the United States for drug trafficking crimes.
In development of the Statute of the Opposition, the first official declaration of opposition to the national government (President Iván Duque) is made by the Alianza Verde Party. This declaration was made official in Resolution 633 of 2019 of the National Electoral Council.
For the first time in Congress, members of the FARC political party occupy ten seats (5 in the House of Representatives and 5 in the Senate) for two legislative periods (8 years).
The counter-monument “Fragmentos” from the artist Doris Salcedo in Bogotá is inaugurated. It was built from the melting of 8.994 weapons handed voluntarily by the former FARC-EP and with the participation of victims of sexual violence of the armed conflict.
The first right to reply in national media is granted to parties that have declared themselves in opposition to the national government (President Iván Duque). The statement by the opposition parties was led by Juanita Goebertus.
The Special Peace Jurisdiction applies the non-extradiction guarantee for Jesús Santrich and orders the Attorney General’s Office his immediate release through Auto SRT-AE-030/2019.
The dissidence group of the FARC called Segunda Marquetalia is founded, led by Iván Márquez and Jesús Santrich, negotiators of the peace process, together with other FARC-EP commanders.
The Special Peace Jurisdiction excludes Jesús Santrich from the transitional justice system derived from the Peace Agreement after his voluntary act of abandoning the reincorporation process and his seat as a congressman.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development adopts the National Plan for Promoting the Marketing of Produce from Rural, Family-Run, and Community-Based Economies.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development adopts the National Irrigation and Drainage Plan for Rural, Family-Run, and Community-Based Economies.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development adopts the Plan for Supporting and Consolidating Income Generation in Rural, Family-Run, and Community-Based Economies.
Seven members of the Secretariat of the former FARC-EP, after being charged by the JEP for the crime of kidnapping through Auto 019 of 2021, publicly accept their responsibility.
Legislative Act 02 of 2021, creating 16 special peace seats in Congress for victims of the armed conflict, is passed after more than two years in Congress and a Constitutional Court review.
The OAS Mission to Support the Peace Process (MAPP, for its Spanish acronym) signs the Eighth Protocol of Support, extending its mission for three years.
The Comunes political party endorses 41 congressional candidates for the Senate and the House of Representatives, including 18 women and 25 former combatants.
The National Registry Office (Registraduría) presents the official list of candidates registered to run for the Special Transitory Peace Voting Districts. A total of 398 registered candidates will compete for 16 seats in the House of Representatives.
Emilio Archila, the Presidential Advisor for Stabilization and Consolidation, reports on implementation progress to the UN Security Council. The Security Council reiterates its support for the Peace Agreement’s implementation.
The Constitutional Court declares an unconstitutional state of affairs regarding the security guarantees promised to individuals in the process of reincorporation under the Peace Agreement.
In the 2022 legislative elections, the election of the 16 seats of the Special Transitory Peace Electoral Districts for the House of Representatives is held. The National Registry Office (Registraduría) reports a vote of approximately 553.664 people out of 1.246.634 eligible voters.
President Ivan Duque addresses the UN Security Council, in the framework of the presentation of the quarterly report of the UN Verification Mission in Colombia.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) holds a public hearing for the recognition of responsibility of 10 senior members of the security forces, among them a general and 4 colonels, in addition to a third civilian, charged in Case 03 called “Deaths unlawfully presented as casualties by State agents”, specifically in the Catatumbo region.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) holds a public hearing for the recognition of responsibility of 7 former members of the FARC-EP secretariat, for the crime of kidnapping, charged in Case 01 called “Hostage-taking and serious deprivation of liberty committed by the FARC-EP”.
The Truth Commission publicly releases, at the Jorge Eliecer Gaitán Theatre in Bogotá, its final report on what happened during Colombia’s armed conflict.
Opening of Case No. 10 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace “Crimes not eligible for amnesty, committed by members of the ex Farc-EP, because of, or in direct or indirect connection with the Colombian armed conflict”.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace and the UN Verification Mission in Colombia sign a protocol to formalize the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism for the implementation of JEP’s Special Sanctions
Opening of Case No. 08 in the Special Jurisdiction for Peace: “Crimes committed by members of the public force, other State agents, or in association with paramilitary groups, or civilian third parties, due to, on occasion, or in direct or indirect relation to the Colombian armed conflict”.
The Government reactivates the Commission for Monitoring, Promotion and Verifying the Implementation of the Final Agreement (CSIVI) and the National Commission for Security Guarantees (CNGS).
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace issues the first resolution against the former Farc secretariat members in macro case 01: “Hostage-taking and serious deprivation of liberty committed by the FARC-EP”.
The Unit for the Implementation of the Final Agreement to End the Armed Conflict and Build a Stable and Lasting Peace is created within the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace, through Decree 2467 of 2022.
The UN Security Council extends the mandate of the Verification Mission in Colombia to include verification of the implementation of Point 1, related to the Integral Rural Reform, and Point 6.2, related to the Chapter on Ethnic Perspectives.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) begins the trial phase against seven members of the FARC-EP Secretariat under Case 01: “Hostage-taking and serious deprivation of liberty committed by the FARC-EP”.
The Government includes in its National Development Plan 2022-2026, the Four Year Plan for the Implementation of the Peace Agreement with concrete actions and goals.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP), within the framework of Macro Case 05, which prioritises the territorial situation in the region of northern Cauca and southern Valle del Cauca, accredits the Cauca River as a victim of the internal armed conflict.
UN High Commissioner for Human Rights appoints Antonia Urrejola as international human rights expert on obstacles to the implementation of the 2016 Peace Agreement, following a request from the UN Human Rights Council.
The Constitutional Court declares Decree 1207 of 2021, which regulated the election of the representatives of the 16 Special Transitional Peace Constituencies, unconstitutional. Although this decision did not affect the election already held, it requires the issuance of new regulations for the next elections in 2026.
The Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) opens Macro Case 11, which will investigate gender-based violence that occurred in the context of the Colombian conflict.
In the framework of the territorial elections, 144 signatories of the peace agreement (including 36 women) participate in the electoral contest. Armel Caracas Viveros, a former FARC-EP member, was elected mayor of Cumaribo, in the department of Vichada.
The Constitutional Court declares an “unconstitutional state of affairs” due to systematic violence against social leaders in the country. The National Government is ordered to ensure that the population leaders and defenders of human rights in Colombia enjoy the necessary protection for the development of their activities.
The Constitutional Court orders the Directorate for the Substitution of Illicit Crops to comply with the agreements signed with the communities within the framework of the PNIS, and to accelerate the implementation of the Peace Agreement. In addition, the Ministry of Defense and the National Army are urged to prioritize the voluntary substitution of crops for illicit use, in a concerted manner with the communities.
Antonia Urrejola, appointed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as an international expert on human rights to identify obstacles to the implementation of the 2016 Peace Agreement, delivers the preliminary version of her report.
The United Nations Security Council is making its third visit to Colombia (from February 7 to 11, 2024), within the framework of its responsibilities as the body responsible for verifying the implementation of the Peace Agreement.
The national government and the dissident organization of the FARC-EP known as the “Segunda Marquetalia” announce the beginning of a new peace negotiation process. This organization is headed by Iván Márquez, the former head of the FARC-EP negotiating team in Havana, and signatory of the 2016 peace agreement.
Antonia Urrejola, appointed by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as an international human rights expert to identify obstacles to the implementation of the 2016 Peace Agreement, delivers the final version of her report on the problems in the implementation of the Peace Agreement.
Under the coordination of the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) and the Mayor’s Office of Bogotá, the “Siembras de vida” project is launched, linking 46 former members of the National Army, who appeared before the JEP for “false positives” in the reforestation of forests in the town of Usme.
The Amnesty Chamber of the JEP orders that the judicial records of 9,600 former FARC-EP combatants be erased, as a materialization of the legal benefits for the signatories of the peace, and a guarantee of their effective reincorporation into society.
Jun 24 2024
The National Government and the dissident organization of the FARC-EP known as the “Secgunda Marquetalia” set up a peace negotiation table in Caracas, Venezuela. This organization is headed by Iván Márquez, the former head of the FARC-EP negotiating team in Havana and signatory of the 2016 peace agreement.
Diego Tovar speaks in person before the United Nations Security Council, representing the signatories of the peace in Colombia, on the implementation of the Peace Agreement, and makes an urgent call to stop the violence against the signatories.
The “Kusikawsay” monument is inaugurated at the United Nations in New York, one of the three monuments that were agreed to be built with the remains of the 8,994 FARC-EP weapons.
Former members of the FARC-EP Secretariat Rodrigo Londoño (Timochenko), Jaime Alberto Parra (Mauricio Jaramillo), Milton de Jesús Toncel (Joaquín Gómez), Pablo Catatumbo Torres, Pastor Alape (José Lisandro Lascarro), Julián Gallo (Carlos Antonio Lozada) and Rodrigo Granda renounce the presumption of innocence in all cases for which they have been charged before the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP), and request a single sentence from said instance.
The National Government, headed by President Gustavo Petro, presents to the UN Security Council a shock plan to accelerate the implementation of the Peace Agreement
Comprehensive Rural Reform
Item 1 contains the agreement regarding the Comprehensive Rural Reform (RRI according to its Spanish initials), which seeks to ensure the wellbeing of rural residents by deeply transforming their reality. This transformation is focused on bringing development to rural areas, eradicating rural poverty and ensuring the full enjoyment of citizen’s rights in rural areas.
Item 2 contains the agreement regarding political participation. This agreement is a unique opportunity to advance in the broadening and deepening of our democratic system.
Though the nation took big steps toward a true democratic opening with the 1991 Political Constitution—allowing new political parties and movements to enter the political arena, as well as proclaiming fundamental values and principles that have strengthened political institutions—, many of those values and principles have not materialized, largely due to the internal armed conflict. As such, it was necessary to reach some agreements regarding this subject.
The parties announce a forum on political participation and logistical preparatory meetings with the National University (Universidad Nacional) and the United Nations Office in Colombia (joint communiqué).
President Juan Manuel Santos calls the government delegation back to Bogotá for consultations in the context of the discussion on political participation.
Item 4 contains the agreement regarding the solution to the problem of illicit drugs, which promotes a distinct and differentiated treatment of the phenomena of consumption, the problem of illicit crops, and the organized crime associated with drug trafficking. This agreement additionally ensures a general focus on human rights and public health with differentiated gender and ethnicity perspectives.
Given that the cultivation, production and commercialization of illicit drugs has intersected, fueled and financed the internal conflict, resolving the drug problem in these regions contributes to non-repetition of the conflict.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize a forum on point 4, Solution to the Illicit Drugs Problem.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on point 4 with Ricardo Vargas, Darío Fajardo, Rodrigo Uprimny, Francisco Thoumi, Alfredo Molano, the Association of Women Farmers from the Rosas Municipality (Asociación de Mujeres Agricultoras del Municipio de Rosas – ASMAR), the CRISTACAÑA Business and Agricultural Association (Asociación Empresarial y Agropecuaria), and the Association of Rubber Producers and Marketers (Asociación de Productores y Comercializadores de Caucho – ASOPROCAUCHO).
The Negotiation Table welcomes delegates, both men and women, from ASMAR of Cauca; CRISTACAÑA of Vistahermosa, Meta; and ASOPROCAUCHO of El Retorno, Guaviare, in order to learn about their experience in the process of substituting illicit crops and rebuilding community networks and legal economies.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the implementation of the voluntary substitution agreement for illicit crops in the Briceño municipality, Antioquia.
Item 5 contains the agreement regarding victims of the conflict, which leads to the creation of the Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-repetition.
The delegations of the government and the FARC-EP request that the United Nations Office in Colombia and the National University’s Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz de la Universidad Nacional) organize forums on point 5, Victims.
Bernie Aronson, the United States Special Envoy to the Colombian Peace Process, and Kevin Whitaker, United States Ambassador to Colombia, visit Havana.
Douglas Cassel, Juan Carlos Henao, and Manuel José Cepeda, legal advisors to the government, arrive in Havana to meet for the first time with the attorneys of the FARC-EP’s legal group to address the issue of justice.
First meeting of the government’s legal advisors with plenipotentiaries from the National Government’s delegation to exchange views on the point of justice.
First meeting in Havana between President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez; in which it is announced the Special Jurisdiction for Peace agreement.
An agreement is announced on immediate confidence-building measures to contribute to searching for, locating, identifying, and returning the remains of persons deemed as missing in the context of and due to the armed conflict, and the creation of the Special Unit for the Search for Persons Deemed as Missing.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with Jean Arnault, delegate of the United Nations Secretary-General, to discuss issues related to the Monitoring and Verification Mechanism.
Meetings of the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP with representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross to address the issue of the search protocol for persons deemed as missing.
The Technical Investigation Team (CTI, in Spanish) and the Attorney General’s Office of Colombia (Fiscalía General de la Nación) initiate activities to search for, locate, identify, and return in a dignified manner the remains of persons disappeared due to the armed conflict in the cemetery of La Macarena, Meta.
The human rights ombudsman presents a plan of recommendations in order to strengthen institutional capacities and victims’ participation in searching for, locating, identifying, and returning in a dignified manner the remains of persons deemed as missing.
Item 3 contains agreements regarding the ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, the laying down of arms, the Reincorporation of the FARC-EP into civilian life, and safety guarantees. These agreements are intended to put an end to the armed conflict, to guarantee an effective transition of the FARC-EP from an armed organization to a political party or movement, and to create conditions that will impede new outbreaks of violence and new war victims.
The approach to the subjects in this item begins from the premise that, to solve the problems that prolonged the armed conflict for over fifty years, rifles must be silenced and there must be minimal safety requirements for transforming territories that were historically affected by armed confrontations.
Meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
Second meeting of the FARC-EP’s delegation with members of the Office of the High Commissioner for Peace to address the situation of individuals deprived of their liberty.
Early meeting of members from the delegations of the government and the FARC-EP who will be part of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict.
The Negotiation Table conducts direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Major General (Retired) Julio Arnoldo Balconi Turcios (Government – Guatemala), Rodrigo Sandino Asturias Valenzuela (former guerrilla – Guatemala), and General (Retired) Luis Alejandro Sintes (Spanish Army – UN observer).
The Negotiation Table conducts new direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Jean Arnault (UN), Major General Mauricio Ernesto Vargas (Government – El Salvador), José Luis Merino (former guerrilla – El Salvador), and Colonel (Retired) Prudencio García (Spanish Army – UN observer).
Technical Subcommittee meeting on point 3, End of the Conflict, to listen and discuss international experiences in disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration.
The Negotiation Table conducts a new round of direct consultations on points 3 and 6 (Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict) with Aracelly Santana (Ecuador – UN), Jeffrey Mapendere (former guerrilla – Zimbabwe), Yon Medina Vivanco (Peru – UN), and Julian Thomas Hottinger.
The Negotiation Table meets with delegates of the United Nations Secretary-General, led by Jean Arnault, and of UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency, Uruguay, led by José Bayardi.
Meeting of the Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict with the United Nations Secretary-General delegate, Jean Arnault, and UNASUR’s Pro Tempore Presidency delegate, José Bayardi.
The Technical Subcommittee for Ending the Conflict meets and prepares a draft of the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and the laying down of arms.
The delegations of the National Government and the FARC-EP announce the creation of a tripartite mechanism for monitoring and verifying the agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities and laying down of arms.
The United Nations and the Center for Reflection and Monitoring the Peace Talks (Centro de Pensamiento y Seguimiento al Diálogo de Paz) deliver the results of the forum on points 3 and 6.
The President of the Republic suspends FARC-EP delegates’ educational visits to their camps in Colombia after the incident in the Conejo rural settlement in Fonseca, La Guajira.
The parties sign an agreement on the bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, security guarantees, and the fight against criminal organizations, signed by President Juan Manuel Santos and the FARC-EP’s commander-in-chief, Timoleón Jiménez.
In Colombia, delegates from the government, the FARC-EP, and the UN begin technical visits to the places where the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and the Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) will be located.
Technical visits to the Transitory Local Zones for Normalization (ZVTN, in Spanish) and Transitional Points for Normalization (PTN, in Spanish) conclude.
President Juan Manuel Santos, by means of Decree 1386, orders a bilateral and definitive ceasefire and cessation of hostilities between the National Government and the FARC-EP.
Given the importance of guaranteeing the implementation of the agreements reached, between July and August of 2016, the Government and the FARC-EP discussed as the sixth and last item on the agenda, the mechanisms related to the implementation and verification of the Final Agreement.
Following the Constitutional Court’s endorsement to establish a mechanism for citizen endorsement of what was agreed in Havana (Cuba), on October 2, 2016, the Plebiscite for peace was held. Colombians were asked: “Do you support the final agreement to end the conflict and build a stable and lasting peace?”. 6,431,376 citizens (50.21%) voted “No” and 6,377,482 (49.78%) “Yes”. In view of the disapproval of the Agreement, the Colombian government activated a Great National Dialogue with the purpose of collecting proposals for adjustments and clarifications from sectors that had voted in favor and against the Agreement. With these proposals, the government and FARC-EP sat down again in Havana to build a new agreement to be reached on November 12, 2016.
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After reaching a new Final Agreement, the Congress of the Republic would carry out its endorsement process between November 29 and 30 of the same year, after which the Implementation phase of the agreement began.
After the conversations phase and the announcement of a Final Agreement on August 24 of 2016, the Government and the FARC-EP prepared the process for the implementation of the agreement. This process would begin once the agreement was popularly endorsed through a plebiscite. Meanwhile measures like the ceasefire formally began to take effect at the end of August, campaigns in favor and against the agreement were deployed in parallel. The question that would be posed through the plebiscite to citizens on October 2, 2016 would be: "Do you support the final agreement to end the conflict and build a stable and lasting peace?
Apretón de manos del presidente Juan Manuel Santos Calderón y Rodrigo Londoño Echeverri, jefe de las FARC-EP, tras la firma del Acuerdo de Paz en Cartagena.
Palabras de Rodrigo Londoño Echeverri (Timoleón Jiménez, Timochenko) en la firma del Acuerdo Final Para la Terminación del Conflicto y la Construcción de una Paz Estable y Duradera, entre el Gobierno Nacional y la guerrilla de las FARC-EP.
On August 24 of 2016, the Statutory Law 1806 of 2016 was sanctioned. This law regulated the process for the plebiscite for the popular endorsement of the Final Agreement. Four days later, the National Government issued the Decree 1391, which convoked Colombian society on October 2 of 2016 to pronounce in favor or in opposition of the agreement reached in Havana. Once the decree was sanctioned, campaigns in favor and against the agreement were activated through the different organizing committees all over the country. The results of the plebiscite which took place on October 2, expressed the disapproval of most of the voters: 50.21% of them were against the Agreement and 59.78% approved it.
Comunicado conjunto sobre el Acuerdo Final, el resultado del plebiscito —que lleva continuar las discusiones— y el compromiso de las partes de mantener el cese al fuego y continuar implementando medidas de construcción de confianza.
Palabras del presidente Juan Manuel Santos Calderón después de conocerse los resultados del plebiscito por la paz y la victoria del «No». Reconociendo el resultado, convoca a las diferentes fuerzas políticas para abrir espacios de diálogo a propósito de la paz y determinar el camino a seguir, e indica que el cese al fuego bilateral […]
After the public acknowledgement of the results, the Government decides to convene a Great National Dialogue in which different segments of society made proposals and suggested adjustments to the Agreement. Meanwhile, the delegations in Havana started to process the proposals submitted by the different sectors to develop a new Final Agreement. After more than 60 meetings with the “Yes” and “No” representatives of the plebiscite, and after weeks of work in Havana, on November 12 of 2016, the Government and the FARC-EP announced they had reached a new agreement.
Documento de trabajo en el que se presenta un cuadro con el resumen de las propuestas de los voceros del «No» sobre los seis puntos del Acuerdo Final y temas transversales (bloque de constitucionalidad, Enfoque de género, entre otros), y las opciones de respuesta a cada una de las objeciones presentadas.
Reunión de Sergio Jaramillo Caro, alto comisionado para la Paz, Humberto de la Calle Lombana, jefe del Equipo Negociador del Gobierno, Juan Fernando Cristo Bustos, ministro del Interior, y Rafael Pardo Rueda, alto consejero para el Posconflicto, con los voceros de «No».
Between November 4 and 14, delegates of the Government and the FARC-EP met in Havana with the purpose of building a new Final Agreement, which would be announced at the end of this period and would initiate socialization and pedagogy meetings on the new text before its endorsement by the Congress of the Republic. The new Agreement, of 310 pages, included adjustments and clarifications in all the points of the agreed agenda, among them: the elimination of the idea of incorporating the Agreement within the block of constitutionality, the strengthening of the participation of the victims in the transitory circumscriptions and in the rural reform, the clarification on the sole responsibility of the Government in the implementation, the precision on the possibility of the Government to opt for forced eradication and spraying of illicit crops in case the substitution does not work, the precision on the characteristics and mechanisms for the effective restriction of the sentence of FARC members, among other adjustments.
Acto entre las delegaciones en la Mesa de Conversaciones en que se presenta el nuevo Acuerdo Final Para la Terminación del Conflicto y la Construcción de una Paz Estable y Duradera, el cual es firmado por parte de las delegaciones y los países garantes. Se lee el comunicado conjunto que informa sobre el nuevo Acuerdo […]
Discurso de la Delegación de Paz de las FARC-EP para presentar el nuevo Acuerdo de Paz Definitivo, que prefieren llamar Acuerdo de la Esperanza; también se recapitula el proceso de reformulación e incorporaciones realizadas tras el plebiscito.
After the announcement of the new Final Agreement and its socialization in subsequent weeks, on November 22, 2016, the Government announced that, after evaluating different endorsement mechanisms, it proposes the Congress of the Republic as the ideal democratic instance to advance the new process of endorsement of the Agreement. On November 24, at the Teatro Colón in Bogotá, the parties formally sign the New Final Agreement for the Termination of the Conflict and the Construction of a Stable and Lasting Peace, and subsequently, between November 29 and 30, the endorsement process begins, which would result in a strong result in favor of what was agreed with no votes against.
Comunicado conjunto que informa que, en desarrollo de lo señalado en el punto 6 de la agenda del Acuerdo General y de lo establecido en el preámbulo del nuevo Acuerdo Final del 12 de noviembre de 2016, la refrendación popular de todo el texto del Acuerdo la efectúe el Congreso de la República.
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